Monte commune – debt ascend. The origin of the global system contradiction ‘creditors – debtors’

The article was first to show that the forerunner of the local contradiction ‘creditors – debtors’ transformation into its global system form was a regular succession of historical events, among which building-up a debt pyramid (debt ascend) acts as a powerful system driver in the field of social, economic and legal relations. In contrast to many fundamental works dealing with the theory of credit and money debt (a stable historical phenomenon) is described as an immanent form of the system contradiction. The mechanism of spreading the global system contradiction ‘creditors – debtors’ in its fundamental social, economic and legal forms predetermines today the process of transforming the local phenomenon ‘debt’ and shaping related interests in the global phenomenon ‘one-polar world and geo-economic factors’ impact on the process of spreading the global system contradiction ‘creditors – debtors’ the author identifies key protection mechanisms, including finance (institutions, tools, procedures). These protection mechanisms are meant for consideration and adoption by the authorized body, i. e. the Security Council of the Russian Federation. Among the mentioned mechanisms two should be highlighted. The primary task is to develop on the basis of system approach methodology mechanisms of asymmetric response to repressions carried out by geo-economic and geo-political opponents of Russia. The task of paramount importance is the development of mechanisms providing necessary conditions for shaping the national elite in the field of politics, science, culture, corporate and state governance.

1. Afremov I. F. Kulikovskaya bitva, s restavrirovannym planom Kulikovskoy bitvy v 8 den' sentyabrya 1380 g. [Kulikovskaya Battle with the Restored Plan of the Kulikovskaya Battle on 8 September 1380]. Moscow, 1848. (In Russ.).

2. Bernstein E. Germanskaya revolyutsiya. Istoriya vozniknoveniya i ee pervogo perioda. Avtorizirovannyy perevod [German Revolution. History of its Origin and 1st Period. Authorized translation]. Berlin – Drezden, Vostok, 1923. (In Russ.).

3. Bernstein E. Sotsializm i demokratiya v velikoy angliyskoy revolyutsii [Socialism and Democracy in the Great English Revolution]. Moscow; Leningrad, 1924. (In Russ.).

4. Blackwill R., Harris J. M. Voyna inymi sredstvami. Geoekonomika i gosudarstvennoe regulirovanie [War with Other Means. Geo-Economy and State Regulation]. Moscow, AST, 2017. (In Russ.).

5. Vereshchagin S. G. Politika nalogov vo Frantsii pered Velikoy frantsuzskoy revolyutsiey 1789 goda [Taxation Policy in France before the Great French Revolution of 1789]. Pravo i politika [Law and Policy], 2010, No. 3, pp. 564–570. (In Russ.).

6. Goldstone G. A. Revolyutsii. Ochen' kratkoe vvedenie [Revolutions. Very Brief Introduction], translated from English by A. Yakovlev. Moscow, Publishing house of the Gaidar Institute, 2017. (In Russ.).

7. Gumilev L. N. Etnogenez i biosfera Zemli [Ethno-Genesis and Earth Biosphere]. Saint Petersburg, Kristall, 2001. (In Russ.).

8. Gusakov A. G. Zakony tsarya Khammurabi [Laws of Hammurabi King]. Reprint from ‘Izvestiya of St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute for 1094’. Saint Petersburg, 1904. (In Russ.).

9. Duppermatt F. R. Sobranie sochineniy [Collection of Works], in 5 vol. Vol. 4. Plays and Radio-plays: translated from German, translated from German, compiled by E. A. Katseva. Moscow, Progress, 1998. (In Russ.).

10. Eagles R. Istoriya Anglii [History of England], translated from English by G. V. Gorevtsov. Moscow, AST, Astrel', 2010. (In Russ.).

11. Izrael G. I. Gollandskaya respublika. Ee pod"em, velichie i padenie. 1477–1806 [The Dutch Republic. Its Rise, Grandeur and Downfall. 1477-1806]. Vol. 1. Moscow, KLIO, 2017. (In Russ.).

12. Karpunin V. I. «Kreditory – dolzhniki»: genezis global'nogo sistemnogo protivorechiya [‘Creditors-Debtors’: the Origin of the Global System Contradiction]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya XXVII: Globalistika i geopolitika [Bulletin of the Moscow University. Series 27: Globalistics and Geo-Politics], 2013, No. 2, pp. 59–64. (In Russ.).

13. Karpunin V. I. Metodologiya issledovaniya global'nogo sistemnogo protivorechiya «kreditory – dolzhniki» [Research Methodology of Global System Contradiction «Creditors – Debtors»]. Vestnik Rossiyskogo ekonomicheskogo universiteta imeni G. V. Plekhanova [Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics], 2014, No. 3 (69), pp. 19–26. (In Russ.).

14. Karpunin V. I., Novashina T. S. Fenomenologiya vlasti – genezis form proyavleniya global'nogo sistemnogo protivorechiya «kreditory – dolzhniki» [Phenomenology of the Power – Genesis of Forms of Manifestation of the Global System Contradiction 'Creditors – Debtors']. Vestnik Rossiyskogo ekonomicheskogo universiteta imeni G. V. Plekhanova [Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics], 2017, No. 3 (93), pp. 3–18. (In Russ.).

15. Katasonov V. Yu. G30: Sila, upravlyayushchaya vsem finansovym mirom [G30: the Power that Controls the Whole Finance World]. (In Russ.). Available at: http://pravosudija.net/article/vyu-katasonov-g30-sila-upravlyayushchaya-vsem-finansovymmirom

16. Katasonov V. Yu. Global'naya finansovaya smuta. Kak kartel' tsentrobankov vzryvaet mir [Global Finance Disturbance. How the Central Banks’ Cartel Blows Up the World]. Moscow, Knizhnyy mir, 2018. (Finance Chronicles by Professor Katasonov). (In Russ.).

17. Katasonov V. Yu. Za kulisami mezhdunarodnykh finansov, monografiya [Behind the Scenes of International Finance, monograph]. Moscow, MGIMO, 2013. (Series: Academic School). (In Russ.).

18. Katasonov V. Yu. Kapitalizm. Istoriya i ideologiya «denezhnoy tsivilizatsii» [Capitalism. History and Ideology of ‘Money Civilization’]. Moscow, Institute of Russian Civilization, 2013. (In Russ.).

19. Korenyako V. A. K kritike kontseptsii L. N. Gumileva [Concerning Criticism of L. N. Gumilev Concept]. Etnograficheskoe obozrenie [Ethnographic Review], 2006, No. 6, pp. 22– 35. (In Russ.).

20. Krylenko A. K. Denezhnaya derzhava – taynye mekhanizmy istorii [Money Power- Secret Mechanisms of History], translated from English by E. S. Bekhterevа. Moscow, Encyclopedia of Russian Civilization, 2002. (In Russ.).

21. Luk'yanenko V. I., Khabarov M. V., Luk'yanenko A. V. Homo Consúmens – chelovek potreblyayushchiy [Homo Consumes – the Man Consuming]. Vek globalizatsii [The Age of Globalization], 2009, No. 2 (4), pp. 149–160. (In Russ.).

22. Menque N. G. Makroekonomika [Macro-Economics], translated from English. Moscow, Publishing house of the Moscow University, 1994. (In Russ.).

23. Novashina T. S. Finansovye mekhanizmy razresheniya global'nogo protivorechiya «kreditory – dolzhniki» [Finance Mechanisms of Settling the Global Contradiction ‘Creditors – Debtors’]. Vestnik finansovoy akademii [Bulletin of the Finance Academy], 2010, No. 5 (59), pp. 22–27. (In Russ.).

24. Novashina T. S. Institutsional'naya osnova obespecheniya ustoychivosti natsional'nykh finansovykh sistem gosudarstv – chlenov EvrAzEs v usloviyakh finansovoy globalizatsii [Institutional Foundation of Ensuring Stability of National Finance Systems of EurAzEs Member-States in Conditions of Finance Globalization]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya XXVII: Globalistika i geopolitika [Bulletin of the Moscow University. Academic Journal. Series 27: Globalistics and Geo-Politics], 2014, No. 3/4, pp. 95–104. (In Russ.).

25. Sazaev E. B., Makhov S. P. Skhvatka dvukh l'vov. Anglo-gollandskie voyny XVII veka [The Fight of Two Lions. English-Dutch Wars of the 17th Century]. Moscow, Veche, 2011. (Morskaya letopis'). (In Russ.).

26. Sidorenko L. V. Istoricheskie posledstviya Slavnoy revolyutsii: k voprosu o revolyutsionnosti sobytiy 1688–1689 gg. [Historical After-Effects of the Glorious Revolution: Concerning the Revolutionary Character of Events in 1688–1689]. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Seriya 2. Istoriya [Bulletin of the St. Petersburg University. Series 2. History], 2013, Issue 3, pp. 82–91. (In Russ.).

27. Sidorenko L. V. Teoriya i praktika revolyutsii v kontekste razvitiya parlamentskoy monarkhii v Velikobritanii XVII–XIX vv. [Theory and Practice of Revolution in the Context of Parliamentary Monarchy Development in Great Britain in the 17-19 Century]. Saint Petersburg, Publishing house RKhGA, 2018. (In Russ.).

28. Sidorenko L. V. Finansovo-ekonomicheskie posledstviya Slavnoy revolyutsii kak ee osnovnye itogi [Finance and Economic Consequences of the Glorious Revolution as its Key Results]. Istoricheskie, filosofskie, politicheskie i yuridicheskie nauki, kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy teorii i praktiki [Historical, Philosophic, Political and Juridical Sciences, Culturology and Art Criticism. Issues of Theory and Practice], 2012, No. 10 (24), in 2 parts. Rart II, pp. 181–185. (In Russ.).

29. Sovetskaya istoricheskaya entsiklopediya [Soviet Historical Encyclopedia], in 16 v. Vol. 9. MAL'TA – NAKHIMOV. Moscow, Soviet Encyclopedia, 1966. (In Russ.).

30. Surkov E. D. Put' k Brekhtu [The Way to Brecht]. Brecht B. Teatr: P'esy. Stat'i. Vyskazyvaniya [Brecht B. Theater: Plays. Articles. Views], in 5 v. Vol. 5/1. Moscow, Iskusstvo, 1965, pp. 16–17. (In Russ.).

31. Tarle E. V. Napoleon. Moscow, Academy of Science of the USSR, 1957. (In Russ.).

32. Tishakov A., Khatypova A. Rol' gosdolga SSHA v mirovom dvizhenii kapitala [The Role of US Foreign Debt in the Global Capital Movement]. Mirovoe i natsional'noe khozyaystvo [World and National Economy], 2011, No. 4 (19). (In Russ.). Available at: http://www.mirec.ru/2011-

33. /rol-gosdolgs-usa

34. Ferguson N. Voskhozhdenie deneg [Money Ascend], translated from English. Moscow, AST, CORPUS, 2013. (In Russ.).

35. Fox M. D. Zhiznennyy tsikl russkoy revolyutsii: opyt teoreticheskogo i sravnitel'nogo issledovaniya [Life Cycle of the Russian Revolution: Experience of Theoretical and Comparative Research], translated from English by A. Stepanov. Part 1. Neprikosnovennyy zapas [Reserved Funds], 2018, No. 2, pp. 51–76. (In Russ.).

36. Fox M. D. Zhiznennyy tsikl russkoy revolyutsii: opyt teoreticheskogo i sravnitel'nogo issledovaniya [Life Cycle of the Russian Revolution: Experience of Theoretical and Comparative Research], translated from English by A. Stepanov. Part 2. Neprikosnovennyy zapas [Reserved Funds], 2018, No. 3, pp. 55–82. (In Russ.).

37. Fromm E. Begstvo ot svobody. Chelovek dlya sebya [Flight from Freedom. Man for Himself], translated from English. Moscow, ACT, 2006. (In Russ.).

38. Fromm E. Z. Imet' ili byt'? [To Be or not to Be?]. Moscow, Direkt-Media, 2007. (In Russ.). 38. Khazin M., Shcheglov S. Lestnitsa v nebo. Kratkaya versiya [The Ladder to the Sky. Brief Version]. Moscow, RIPOL classic, 2017. (In Russ.).

39. Estulin D. Sekrety Bil'derbergskogo kluba [Secrets of the Bilderberg Club], translated from Spanish by I. V. Zhuk. Minsk, Popurri, 2009. (In Russ.).

40. Yumagulov M. G. Vvedenie v teoriyu dinamicheskikh system [Introduction to the Theory of Dynamic Systems]. Moscow, Lan', 2015. (In Russ.).

41. Clercq М. de. Recueil des traités de la France. Vol. 2. Paris, 1880.

42. Cruickshanks E. The Glorious Revolution. London, British History in Perspective; New York, Red Globe Press, 2000.

43. David-Fox M. Toward a Life Cycle Analysis of the Russian Revolution. Kritika, 2017, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 741–783.

44. Graeber D. Debt: The First 5000 years. New York, Melville House, 2011.

45. Hill C. The Century of Revolution: 1603–1714. (Norton Library History of England). New York, W. W. Norton & Company, 1982.

46. Jones J. R. James II’s Revolution: Royal Policies, 1686–1692. The Anglo-Dutch Moment: Essays on the Glorious Revolution and its world impact, edited by J. I. Israel. Cambridge, 2003, pp. 47–72.

47. Katz M. N. Revolutions and Revolutionary Waves. New York, Palgrave Macmillan, 1999.

48. Raymond W. Goldsmith, Premodern Financial Systems: a Historical Comparative Study. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1987.

49. Reuven Y. The Laws of Eshnunna. Jerusalem, The Magnes Press, 1969.

50. Toward a Life Cycle Analysis of the Russian Revolution. Kritika, 2017, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 741–783.

51. Veseth M. Mountains of Debt: Crisis and Change in Renaissance Florence, Victorian Britain and Postwar America. New York; Oxford, 1990.

52. Wade R. The Russian Revolution, 1917. Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press, 2017.