The article assesses the present situation in providing personnel with vocational education and shows principle directions of its further development. Secondary vocational education is a level of the system of vocational education which takes a specific place in meeting educational requirements of person and society. The key objective in pursuing policy in the field of secondary vocational education implies the active participation in shaping federal, national and regional components in the program of vocational education. Today the issue of building a new system of training skilled workers is really acute. It should be developed by successive determined training of skilled and competitive workers who can use equipment of the 5th and 6th class.

The article investigates the fundamental hypotheses of the neo-classical theory, i. e. the law of supply and the law of declining profitability. Based on the practice of real production and arguments of prominent world economists the authors come to the conclusion that in the field of the classical law of supply the hypotheses being considered have no justified proof and contradict to the realities of man-machine production. Analyzing technological foundations of the production system is one of the most interesting aspects discussed in the article. It should be pointed out that this subject is not the focus of modern economists' attention, though these aspects determine the dynamics of developing production apparatus and the level of corporate competitiveness.

The population standard of living is enormously affected by the position of state in a certain phase of cyclic development. The state influences the economic standing through various instruments depending on the level of economic development it takes: macro-, mezo-, nomo-level. Economy never develops straightforwardly. It can be shown in a certain law of wave-shape repetition: rise, downfall, crisis, recovery. Such repetitions of phases of growth and recession are called an economic cycle. The article demonstrates the direct correlation between the standard of living and cycles. Tools of state regulation of the standard of living are considered. The author puts forward the element structure including a combination of forms, types, methods of organizing external and internal relations by fixing quantitative and qualitative parameters. Mechanism functioning in present situation of unstable market conditions was shown.

The article investigates trends and problems of strategic management of companies in order to provide their finance security. Designing and implementing innovation strategy as an important element of strategic management, which includes designing and introduction of technological, marketing and organizational innovations is a top-priority objective of Russian companies in the current situation of economic and political risks. Analysis of the present day condition of innovation activity showed its very low level. The author puts forward a new approach to speeding up innovation development of Russian companies through developing a system of encouraging their managerial bodies to introduction of innovation. A set of indicators showing the extent and volume of innovation activity was built.

Crisis phenomena arise due to external and internal factors. In such circumstances responsibility rests on macro-economic regulators, i. e. the Bank of Russia and the Ministry of Finance. Their steps must be coordinated, as each of them has to make a controversial choice between taking crisis measures and following a strategic direction. Taking into consideration the said situation the author advances a set of procedures aimed at overcoming the adverse macro-economic tendencies. Each of these procedures implies coordination between monetary, credit and budget policy. As a result a complex of proposals was developed to overcome the crisis phenomena in Russia.

In article the theoretical basis of the account and control as objects of institutional modeling is developed. By the author it is proved that the uniform principles of accounting and control can work only in a common economic space of the state. Are provided proofs of that a huge lack of accounting and accounting policies of Russia is absence of information technologies at the national level without which neither the account, nor control can't be objects of institutional modeling. It is shown that to all countries of the world including Russia, needs model of national economy adequate to the developed market.

The article discusses different views on the idea of innovations. It identifies the aims and objectives of innovation management, shows its orientation to changes in the field of planning, organization, management, control and analysis of innovation processes at the enterprise in strategic and operational aspect. Special attention is paid to practical experience of organizing innovation activity at Zhukovskiy plant of technological equipment. The authors give recommendations on intensifying labour motivation on the basis of material incentives for authors of innovative projects, timing of bonus payment was fixed. It was proposed to take into account the contribution of each division to profit growth, which was attained at the expense of the innovative product.

The article on the basis of statistic analysis proves that different organizational and technical conditions of Ukrainian iron and steel works' functioning, specific technological processes used at each of them make it necessary to group them by certain characteristics in order to identify common features and trends in their development. Such grouping provides an opportunity to introduce a differentiated approach to the development of methodological recommendations to staff planning. To solve this problem the authors conducted clusterization of Ukrainian iron and steel works. Within the frames of the said enterprises' groups the authors identified typical, with close characteristics managerial processes and features which should be taken into account while designing staff and planning numbers.

The article analyzes the level of attaining the objectives connected with improving pensioners' standard of living with simultaneous strengthening the finance stability of the pension system. The author uses methods of grouping, comparison, analysis, graphic presentation of information. He comes to the conclusion about the necessity to specify the term 'substitution index' in accordance with the accepted global norms. At the same time reaching the average level of insurance old age pensions equal to 2,5-3 living minimums runs counter to the plans to strengthen finance stability of the system. Steps connected with early retirement led to gradual increase in the number of pensioners whose pension was fixed according to general standards can affect stability of the pension system. These results could be used in the field of pension insurance.

The article provides characteristics of information technologies market, which depend mainly on customers' perception, readiness of partners, market situation and are formed by market participants, large producers of innovation technologies. In line with analyzing the features and restrictions in vendor's work with different audiences (customers, partners) the authors show various tools available for the vendor to shape the market and develop business: training, PR and covering 'success histories' in mass media, product development. Through analyzing specific features of the Russian information technologies market it is possible to propose effective marketing solutions to build the company partnership network functioning on information technologies market. At the same time the research focuses on cloud technologies, the most promising trend of IT market. Using the example of cloud technologies the article discloses the reasons for market specificity and analyzes the ways to optimize solutions connected with partnership network creation. The data of analytical agencies' research give evidence about the shift from the transaction business model to provision of services and product development. It was pointed out that such features of the Russian market as import substitution and introduction of legislative restrictions stipulate quick response and motivate foreign vendors to design and search for new forms of cooperation and priority segments, such as hosting-providers.

Mathematical model of an individual emotional response to the size of material rewards was built based on the introduction of class OK-functions. Class OK-functions allows us to develop a model based on only three reference values of monetary payments. The external stimulus and internal psychological factors were taken into account in the described model 'Stimulus - Reaction'. We investigate the sharpness of the reaction of an individual with given type of character to penalties and bonuses. The effectiveness of financial incentives for staff was investigated. The recommendations for determining the optimal size of penalties and bonuses, as well as the maximum value of wages, taking into account the individual employee psychotype was given.

The authors developed a stimulator of the retail network on the platform IBM Cogcos TM1 meant for research and design of the system of supporting decision-making. The article describes the imitation model of the retail market being a part of the stimulator. Modeling is done for the system consisting of optional number of regions, retail networks available in all regions, three formats of shops which differ in areas and product range and three groups of products. The demand model by Gold/Prey provides an opportunity to model decision-making about the number of shops being opened in various regions and about the trade make-up depending on the assumption concerning competitiveness of shops in the network. The model includes dynamics of demand, prices and costs of marketing, it is parametric and provides serious results with a wide range of income data due to principles of system dynamics, sigma-shaped functions of market response and some additional eristic described in the article.

The article tries to apply methods of building multifactor industrial functions for solving the problem of assessing the investment appeal of regions in the Russian Federation. As a concrete instrument the author proposes to calculate regressive equation which can allow us to show the form and level of contribution of private factors in the total volume of cash raised in the region. Misbalance of regional development is an acute problem for Russia and many other countries that chose the way of building civilized market economy. Raising foreign capital can become a solution to this problem, as a region excluded from the system of interrelations cannot find a point of growth in order to overcome its economic problems. In the issue of raising capital at the regional level this topic implies the integral assessment of the ability to raise funds. How can it be achieved? Which regional factors can affect it? Can it show the ability of the region to use the money? These methodological questions are discussed in the article, factor analysis, multifactor industrial function, assessing the level of investment appeal of the region.

The article analyzes the key national indicators of economic growth of country-members in the Eurasian Economic Union: Russia, Belorussia, Kazakhstan, Armenia, which covers 176 m of population and has GDP exceeding $ 4 trillion (by buying capacity). The article estimates the volume and extension of mutual economic ties. The role of Russia as a leading partner of the Union was demonstrated and priorities of cooperation for each country-member were identified.

In connection with the Year of Literature in Russia which started in January 2015 the author shows the importance of legacy of world and Russian literature and points out the role of literature in society. The author answers the question what literature means for the development of human culture. On the basis of thesaurus approach the author tries to show literature as the most important type of art which can affect formation of the cultural basis in society and individual that is perceived as their own culture. In spite of a dubious situation in modern literature the author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to retain the wish to read world literature in order to understand themselves and their place in the world.

The UN report published about 6 years ago offered a forecast of global population dynamic for a few next decades, it states that by 2050 the population of the planet will reach 9,1 bn at the same time the situation on foods market will deteriorate due to a sharp increase in the majority of agricultural produce prices. Prominent economists, politicians and journalists preoccupied with the problem of natural resource shortage start paying attention to the ideas of the British economist Thomas Malthus who lived on the border of the 18th - 19th centuries. The author analyzes the causes of the drastic condition of the Third World countries and studies ideas of neo-Malthusians about the fact that population of these countries are doomed to poverty due to high growth in population.

The article deals with epistemological views of L. I. Shestov (1866-1938), the prominent Russian philosopher of the Silver Age. Theoretical and methodological foundation of the research covers a number of methods and their synthesis. First of all, it is connected with a combination of historical and logical methods of research - historical and philosophical (including hermeneutic) study of L. Shestov's works and their logical analysis. The author also relies on structural method trying to disclose components of thoughts and beliefs of the philosopher in their connection with the general. Results of this analyses show their significance in generalization accomplished by the system method of research.