The present research studies specific features of globalization in education and export of services illustrated by universities and higher education institutions in countries holding the leading positions on the global education market, such as Great Britain, France, German, China and others. The research methodology is based on general and specific methods of cognition, on the analysis of methodological approaches and theoretical models of education service export, on the empiric approach to identifying peculiarities of country policy in the aspect of education globalization and related risks. The article provides conclusions concerning feasibility of using some of them in Russian universities and other higher education institutions. The author put forward a set of steps and recommendations aimed at raising the potential of education service export in Russia. It is possible that the use of conclusions and recommendations made by the research, in addition to work being done by universities could improve efficiency of their international activity as a ‘soft power’, which responds to interests of the university, the entity of the Russian Federation and geopolitical goals of Russia with regard to the current sanction pressure.

On the current stage of economic and geo-political development of the country, that can be characterized by weakening of foreign-economic relations with unfriendly countries, sanctions against Russian economy and blocking the access to import technologies strategically important for Russian production, issues dealing with Russian economy arrival on the advanced technological level become more and more acute. Ensuring technological sovereignty of national economy in crucial industries is a top-priority task for attaining this goal and academic research of technological sovereignty is especially topical today. Thus, the present article studies essential and conceptual characteristics of economy technological sovereignty. By analyzing academic literature the author identified three scientific and practical approaches to understanding the essence of technological sovereignty: technological sovereignty as a component of economic and national security; technological sovereignty as an element of open-type economy; technological sovereignty as a factor of geo-political development and as a level of science and technological development collated with global one. The article shows strategic basis of technological sovereignty in Russia. And finally, the author came to the conclusion that the vector of Russian economy development combined with achieving technological independence of national economy is strategically true.

The article analyzes different approaches to estimating risk of declining efficiency of investment projects that are recommended to practical use by academic literature. The author pointed to their subjectivity and high uncertainty of results. As an alternative we can consider approaches and methods of estimating risk of declining efficiency of the investment project as a difference between the expected by the project and risky values of its NPV defined by the law of this figure distribution. In this case the risky NPV assessment depending on the ratio to risk is either its average value in the field of existence limited from above by expected in the project value or any quantile located in the field of possible NPV values. The article presents substantiation of the standard law of NPV distribution as a complicated random value formed by a sum of random variables, i.e. features of finances flows by the project and discount. The author also analyses the approach to estimating dispersion of the NPV distribution law and risky values depending on its amount based on this figure expansion into the Tailor series with initial data showing average values and dispersion of its finance flows and discount.

The article studies generally accepted estimation of software quality, which shows its compliance with users’ expectations. The research deals with investigation of software quality and requirements to it and focuses on the fact that software quality depends on its correspondence to GOST R ISO/MEK 25010-2015. It is proposed to use a common model of quality in order to estimate software by analyzing expert appraisals and their aggregation through the mathematic tool of cognitive maps. The use of cognitive maps gives an opportunity to estimate the quality of software product. At the same time we can get a possibility to identify controlled factors of software product quality, affecting which we can increase its target factor of quality. Findings of the research can be used in practice to develop and estimate software quality on different levels of difficulty and specialization.

The article provides new data concerning the structure and features of biopolymers that form the basis of by-product collagen-containing raw materials of meat processing industry and the sector of primary treatment of collagen-containing raw materials. In order to resolve the problem of import-substitution, analysis of the structure and features of complicated proteins the author analyzed briefly the economic situation, showed results of investigating certain properties of protein systems and put forward recommendations on the subject development. Theoretical findings can be used for the development of food additive technologies, lipid fraction substitutions, food toppings, food with non-conventional structure and properties, specialized nutrition, including additives of the sport group. According to the author, product groups in demand will include matters, ingredients, food with high biological activity, bio-compatible or modified gels, combined gels, cosmetic preparations, remedy for stimulating growth and development in plants, animals, nano- and bio-structures, polymers with shape memory meant for robotized constructions, etc. Unfortunately, there is no systemized principle for developing the necessary knowledge base for home or overseas products in this segment, however, the author can recommend theoretical and methodological approaches to protein system production, control over their quality, database and academic site development.

The article studies principle reasons for technological underdevelopment of Russia compared with western countries and identifies regulatory documents aimed at finding promising ways to resolve this problem. Analysis of the numerous academic works investigating issues of innovation development of industry, importance of scientific and technical progress for economic growth, cooperation between universities and industrial enterprises provides an opportunity to substantiate topicality of the research. The author on the basis of different interpretations of the notion ‘technological development’ could formulate his own definition. Further on, a conclusion was drawn that universities, industrial enterprises and state are actors of technological development. The author built a model and mechanisms of organizational and technical interaction of representatives of science, business and state. The project ‘Advanced Engineering Schools’ is an example of such interaction aimed at providing industry with highly-qualified engineers. Research findings are tested through the mechanism of scientific and industrial integration of the company ODK, the St. Petersburg Polytechnic University and state. The author’s developments have practical significance, as they can be used in education, at industrial enterprises and in other sectors of economy for planning programs of technological modernization in industry.

Research topicality is stipulated by system contradictions at the current stage of global economy development, which creates challenges and acute agenda for national economy of the Russian Federation and economy of its entities that face objectives of reaching target figures of social and economic development in view of strategic landmarks and priorities of development based on state programs up to 2030. The goal of the article is to analyze effectiveness of state regulators of cutting the gap and disproportions in the development of Russian regions based on sampling data concerning state program resection, including materials dealing with the Republic of Kalmykia. Attaining of the set goal is ensured by resolving the following problems: to identify theoretical approach to understanding state programs as a tool of managing impacts of different factors, brief review and analysis of methodology and methods of estimating efficiency and results of implementing state programs; to find problem zones in stated methodology and methods and to formulate proposals aimed at their alteration and upgrading. The research findings can be important for further investigation and practical use by responsible executors at departmental bodies for collecting and processing information dealing with state program implementation.

The article studies such notions as ‘methodology’, ‘regional economic system’, ‘monitoring of regional economic system’. The author provides his own definition of the notion ‘monitoring of social and economic development of regional economic systems’ and highlighted 6 key stages of its conducting: organizational, information collection, information preparation, data analysis, forecasting and modeling, conclusion preparation and their publication. As an example of monitoring the author chose a regional program, which affects directly the development of social component of the regional economic system, in particular, the achievement of high standard of living at the expense of cutting poverty rate and raising real income of the population. The author conducted analysis by the proposed methodology using open sources of information. In this analysis he used the method of standard values with estimation of the program implementation efficiency. On the basis of monitoring results a conclusion was drawn about the efficiency of the given regional program in the Altay area in view of high figures of efficiency by set goals and indicators of the regional program.

The article analyzes genesis of scientific cognition of the prudential element in banking regulation. Principles of prudential regulation were fixed in the Basel committee on bank supervision and were aimed at minimization of system risk in the banking sphere and certain credit organizations, as well as provision of depositors’ security. The authors showed stages of prudential regulation development, within the frames of which conceptual and essential parameters of the notion, its character and implementation mechanisms kept changing. Theoretical approaches to prudential regulation research that state the conceptual cut of the notion in academic discourse were studied; prudential regulation on macro- and micro-economic level was analyzed and specific character of the current standing of prudential regulation in banking sector was described.

The article deals with problems connected with monetary and credit policy of the Russian Federation in new economic and geo-political conditions, such as mass sanction pressure on home economy, serious fluctuations of raw material prices, drastic changes in economic logistic chains and growing needs in budget expenditure. The author showed the role of monetary and credit sphere in the system of providing national economic security in the country, investigated tools of monetary and credit policy in conditions of sanctions and analyzed and assessed key trends that are realized by the Bank of Russia and aimed at overcoming economic after-effects of sanctions. The article fixed characteristics of the monetary and credit system which can be considered safe. Steps of the Bank of Russia aimed at overcoming economic after-effects and minimization of threats for the monetary and credit system were studied. It was shown that innovation development of the banking system is still a promising trend that includes the project of using the digital profile aiming at higher accessibility of finance resources and minimization of negative consequences of sanction restrictions. And finally, the author came to the conclusion that high degree of openness of such policy can increase confidence on the part of economic relation entities to the Central Bank of the Russian Federation as a key monetary and credit institution.

The fundamental goal of any state on the current stage of development is professional and systematic shaping and regulating money stock. Only properly organized cash circulation can foster successful establishment of the finance system and development of economy of the country in general. Today in the field of rendering finance services advanced technologies, digital mechanisms and tools are used, which modernize business-models and raise demand of clients. The future of banking service will be affected mainly by FinTech- and TechFin-companies. The authors studied these economic categories, analyzed key benefits and drawbacks of these structures and forecast their interaction in banking and non -banking fields.

The article highlights the growing frequency of using bank cards and analyzes the difference in their use subject to the region. According to statistics, in 2022 on Russian market 88% fell on payment cards. A steady growth in the number of bank cards was observed for 10 years both with individuals and legal entities. Individuals prevail among bank card users, their share in 2022 reached 98.2%. As technologies develop and new technical solutions turn up bank cards become more accessible for customers and today there are various types of payment cards meeting different needs and preferences of users. Regional distribution of bank cards in Russia was not equal. The leading position by payment card issuance is taken by the Central Federal Region, where 136.9m cards (34.5%) were issued in 2022. The second position is taken by the Volga Federal Region – 71.4m cards or 18.0%, the third position – by the Siberian Federal Region with 43.1m cards or 10.9%. The author showed that the number and the volume of transactions made by cards during the last decade demonstrate steady growing trend both in the country and in federal regions.

Robotization of goods production and service rendering means the necessity of gradual transition to training specialists of new profiles characterized by increasing complexity of work. Material sphere, as production robots are introduced in it will change into the sum total of fields of complicated work application, which include engineering of consumer goods, constructing of robots, technical science and economic management. Complicated work turns into qualified work relying on possibilities of artificial intellect. Training for complicated work implies the necessity for the person to get the ability to deal with new types of activity and to cope with them. In this way the person himself/herself turns into the subject of such work. In this aspect the article shows that complicated work covers social and spiritual fields of a new specialist formation: education and up-bringing relying on achievements of social science and on art. The authors came to the conclusion that introducing artificial intellect in processes of the man moulding will allow him/her to overcome personal limits for upgrading and learning complicated work impossible for robots.

Appraisal of any organization efficiency is an important element of detail studying the key indicators of business activity. As a rule such appraisal is based on the whole set of standard quantitative indices. Today there are no reliable methodological tools to estimate efficiency of research organization divisions, which could allow us to identify real problems and therefore to enhance their work. A lot of methods for estimating organization efficiency were proposed, however the majority of them do not take into account specific features of research organization and their division functioning. Due to this fact, we face the necessity to work out the system of key indicators, which could provide a general idea about the divisions’ standing and their possible problems and give an opportunity to control attaining the set goals. The author elaborated methodology of assessing the efficiency of research organization division work based on expert appraisal of indices of both quantitative and qualitative analysis.

The article studies possible definitions of the notion ‘youth entrepreneurship’ with regard to including in it specific features of entrepreneurial resource use, such as generation of business ideas (initiatives), implementation of business-projects and management of their realization. The author proposed to summarize definitions that take into account both age characteristics of young people and level of their education and features of entrepreneurial resource realization, such as entrepreneurial capital, skills, knowledge, motivation and innovation abilities. Within the frames of the article the model of education lever was put forward and discussed that shows the impact of state support tools being realized in state education policy on the development of youth entrepreneurship. The research findings can be useful for investigators, practical workers and state bodies dealing with the development of youth entrepreneurship.

The research deals with estimating the potential of Russian enterprises of tube industry and possibilities of their efficient adaptation to fast changes. Academic results of the research include systematization, summarizing and author’s appraisal of processes taking place in Russian tube industry, as well as proposals aimed at its development. According to the research, Russian tube industry rather quickly adapts to changes and is still stable in spite of difficult situation and high sectoral risks. Today the potential of the increase in home demand for tubes is not realized in full, especially for products with high added value. Tube industry is facing the problem of importsubstitution in equipment purchase and production modernization. To resolve it a set of measures is necessary, such as starting the mechanism of innovation development in machine-building manufacturing; working-out the program of developing home industry of electronics, software, systems of management and engineering; motivating the growth in production capacities of machine-building enterprises. It is necessary to raise investment from countries importing tube products in Asia, Africa and Middle East. These regions can become both the marketing targets and sources of investment. In conditions of instability tube industry is strategically important for the country and needs measures of state support.

The Russian Federation is the biggest country in the world, which consists of 89 entities. Vast territory, a lot of nationalities and confessions, different climate and mentality create conditions for differentiation in the standard of living of people. In present circumstances unevenness is typical of the development of social and economic systems in countries and in persons. Economy of the 6th technological structure is characterized by high degree of automation and advanced technologies, which gives an opportunity to raise labour productivity and cut costs. However, not all regions can adapt to new requirements of this economic model. In this economy it is necessary both to modernize equipment and technology and constantly develop human labour resource. According to the Maslow pyramid, the standard of life means the degree of population needs satisfaction. The standard of life of the population in the country is connected with people prosperity, accumulation of human capital and the level of human development. In Russia and in the whole world the problem of the population standard of life became drastic during the global finance crisis 2008–2010 and COVID-19 pandemic. The UN in 2020 prepared the rating of countries by standard of life based on the Human Development Index. Today it is quite clear that human potential is becoming the main indicator of social and economic development of mankind. Human potential is a sum total of opportunities, capabilities and resources that each person possesses for self-development, attaining his/her goals and valuable participation in society. It includes intellectual, creative, physical, emotional and social abilities, as well as knowledge, skills and experience, that person can use to resolve problems and overcome difficulties. Human potential is inexhaustible and it can be developed and realized during the whole life. The authors identified problems of shaping and developing human capital in regions of the Russian Federation: ecological and climatic factors, differentiation in income level and quality of education programs. As a result of the analysis a project approach to resolving these problems was proposed.

ESG (Environment, Social, Governance) concept is a code of rules and approaches dealing with doing business that fosters its sustainable development. Today it covers a lot of countries of the world, including Russia. The article studies acute problems of introducing ESG-standards on sustainable development in Russia and overseas countries. At present there are more than 70 standards, however a unique ESG-standard has not been developed yet. Due to the fact countries use existing standards or develop their own ones. The authors show that the development of standards can have different stages: some countries only consider the idea of standards, while others have already been developing them. Russia could reorient to Asian markets, where ESG concept is no less important than in Europe. Agenda of sustainable development is being transformed and the idea of ESG concept is moving from ecological sustainability to social tendency in line with economic adaptation to the current conditions. In Russia the home ESG-trend starts developing, which orientates to home market: own rating agencies, national ESG-scoring, ESG-register, etc. In the future ESG-partnership can be extended to EAEU countries, BRICS and some countries of the Pacific region.

In conditions of geo-political instability in the Russian Federation the necessity to raise standard of living of the population became evident, thus it is needed to forecast dynamics of population savings, which is important for strategic decision-making on the federal level. In order to analyze and forecast the total volume of savings of the Russian population the authors worked out a system of factors that influence the object of forecasting. On the basis of factor analysis they elaborated scenario forecast of dynamics of savings of the population in the country and dynamics of consumer spending up to 2025, including basic, conservative and target variants of the forecast. The present research confirms the thesis of interaction between unstable economic situation and arising of barriers for savings, at the same time it demonstrates a number of current and future problems caused by economic uncertainty. The authors proposed steps aimed at elimination of negative trends in dynamics of population savings in Russia.

The article provides results of methodological research dealing with dynamics of basic management tool development used in strategic management. These tools used for elaborating strategy of companies in different industries proved their practical usefulness and caused no doubt in the necessity of their use for many decades. However, objective changes in the world, including the sphere of strategic management have led to the need to revise a number of key methods and tools of management used for strategy elaboration. Extreme complexity of today’s world results in diversity of approaches and tools for shaping and realizing strategies. The author substantiated the necessity of this revision and described outdated components of the SWOT-analysis, the method of management by goals, SMART criteria in goal-setting, development of business-processes, forecasting and some other methods. Serious changes in using these methods in advanced companies were discussed and necessary upgrading connected with growing dynamic and controversy of processes in internal and external environment was highlighted. The use of renewed management tools in strategic management can allow us to get serious results both in strategy elaboration and in its actualization and realization in practice.

The article studies importance and consequences of making managerial decisions in today’s organizations. The role of executives and managers in the process of decision-making was shown and the conclusion was drawn that their adequate fulfillment is essential for successful work of the organization. The author describes goals being pursued in making managerial decisions: maximum profit, optimization of resources and strengthening positions on market. Apart from that, the author studies key objectives, which face executives in decision making, such as elaboration of strategic decisions, identifying priorities, managing risks and providing productivity and innovation.

Today enterprises of light industry face serious problems arising due to competition with Asian companies, problems with investment and staff. Comparative analysis of key figures of light industry in Russia and China shows considerable backwardness of Russian enterprises by the level of fund-equipment and labour productivity. At the same time, it should be noted that in Russian light industry there are enterprises with high fund-equipment but low fund-return and not very high labour productivity. The author came to the conclusion that low efficiency of enterprises of light industry can form the initial cause of current problems. It was shown that the principle way of developing light industry is modernization of technological processes on the basis of advanced digital technologies, artificial intellect, robot-engineering, acute scientific solutions in management, which could give an opportunity to cut the need in unskilled personnel, to raise labolur productivity and the quality of products and cut prime cost and final price. Apart from that to resolve problems of efficiency it is necessary to take into account individual conditions of enterprise functioning and improve quality of management. When decisions aimed at measures of state support for enterprises of light industry are made, including investment, it is needed to take into consideration their technological standing to elaborate grounded strategy of support, development and control.

The article explains the necessity to use cross-methodological approach to realization of marketing analytical function that combines methodology of classical marketing research and DataScience methodology. The explanation is based on results of literature analysis, which studies trends of DataDriven marketing development and DataScience; HeadHunter research dealing with assessing the compliance of the competence profile of specialist in the field of analytical marketing with demands of labour market and on results of the authors’ research in the present sphere. Comparative appraisal of efficiency of using classical methods of marketing research and DataScience methodology was conducted at enterprises; benefits and drawbacks of each of them were identified; similar and distinguishing stages of these approaches were found and efficiency of their integration was proved. Progress of Russian companies in realization of marketing analytical function by using DataDriven culture was estimated. Two principle reasons hindering the process of marketing based on data introduction to Russian organizations were named, i.e. non-compliance of competence profile of marketers-analysts//with market demands and uncoordinated investment in technologies aiming at DataDriven approach introduction into the company.