The article describes history of one of the first development institutions in Soviet Russia, i. e. the general planning committee known as Gosplan. The stages of its development are shown, which made it a principles economic institution of the country for nearly 70 years. The idea of the planned approach to economy development came into being in the early 20th century and during the World War I initial organizational structures, as special conferences aimed at providing balanced and grounded on current planning functioning of the most important industries and sectors of economy were set up. During the post-revolution period planning turned into a key tool of ruined economy restoration and later its modernization. Current planning was replaced by medium-term one with a fiveyear horizon. Methodology and methods of planning were elaborated. After the Great Patriotic War Gosplan drew up both five-year plans and long-term plans of economic development. Gosplan work provided functioning of economy within the frames of those economic models that followed each other in view of new economic goals and political objectives. History of Gosplan ended with the downfall of the Soviet Union, however, at present the necessity to pass to a new economic model aimed at attaining self-reliance and well-balanced economy renews interest in earlier development institutions and historic and economic experience of our country.

The present research shows measures of state governance aimed at raising the birth-rate of the population in Russia, which serves as a strategic landmark for ensuring national security of Russia. On the basis of sample observation of reproduction plans of people in 2022 econometric models were built that identify important factors influencing the birth of 3 and more children. Research findings reveal the methodological approach ‘The Cube of Population Governance’, which allows us to integrate activities of bodies of power in pursuing policy aimed at birth-rate raising. Important factors include, for instance, reproductive goals of respondents, housing conditions, plans for education. Authorities, functions and competences to influence these factors do not belong to only one body of power, which can explain limited effect of steps aimed at raising the birth-rate. Therefore, raising the birth-rate of the population shall be considered as a comprehensive goal, which is covered by authorities of different bodies of power. This approach could help identify the rate of state measure impact, the type of state policy, within which the step is realized and the element of population birth-rate process being corrected. The author put forward measures of state governance dealing with population birth-rate. As the most serious step the author named the increase in demographic literacy, that allow people to reach the most favorable for them demographic results, including the birth of children. Other proposed measures of impact are connected with improvements in housing condition, developing the system of further professional education for people having a maternity leave and cutting the number of divorces.

With the help of methods of the theory of macro-economic and systemic analysis the article researches the conditions affecting shaping of Kitchen inventory cycles in countries with different levels of open economy development. Among these conditions the principle ones are specialization of investment benefits and human capital, issuance of money in circulation, the level of business activities, behavior of real interest rates and current exchange rates at the end of inventory cycles. Conditions were identified that can help countries with developed economy get rid of high inflation rate and get stable commercial and non-profit-making excess earnings on constant demand on their currency. Interrelation between operations taking place in inventory cycle phases, both on home markets of countries and on foreign currency markets were described in detail. Key results of business activities in countries with different levels of economy development were provided. By analyzing versions of economy development of countries after finishing each regular inventory cycle it could be possible to identify those, whose use can provide in each successive inventory cycle a growth in labour productivity of applied investment profits and human capital to attain the highest level of specialization and technological sovereignty of the country.

The article deals with the acute objective of drawing-up economic profile of region within the frames of masterplanning of territory development with the help of methods of space-time data clasterization that characterize economic activities of business entities. The goal of the research is to analyze models of space-time clasterization used in descriptions of economic profile of territory in order to identify regularities and trends in economic data, as well as to work out recommendations on their effective use to optimize management and strategic planning on regional level. The author provided an example of integration of non-linear methods of reducing size and models of auto encoders, which help simplify data structure, improve visualization, preserve important characteristics and eliminate noise, which can provide more accurate and effective cluster reveal. The approach can be used in tasks where complicated structures are present and which require both non-linear size reduction and keeping local and global features. As a result recommendations were prepared dealing with extension of tools for describing region profile.

The article examines the relevance, role and importance, as well as the content of innovations in the process of training specialists for creative industries in the higher education system, including: the improvement of online learning in the areas of training based on digital technologies (for example, the analysis of digital business twins, the development of gamified learning methods in a digital environment, immersion in virtual reality of business practice), the development of educational technologies based on the intensive use of neural networks and artificial intelligence (primarily generative), new methods of interaction with employers in the field of career guidance, internships, and the organization of practice places based on innovative platform solutions, as well as the use of digital tools for collecting and processing big data in the learning process. Proposals have been formulated for effective innovation management in the process of training specialists in Russian higher education: development of new or modified disciplines, for example, such as "Generative artificial Intelligence", "Neural Networks", "Development and implementation of neural interfaces", "Additive technologies for creating multidimensional objects", "Metaverses", etc., intensification of training qualification or retraining of the teaching staff of departments and faculties in the higher education system on the basis of various trainings and additional professional programs, close attention to increasing the degree of interaction with employers and business partners and other stakeholders, etc. Taken together, all of this will significantly modernize educational technologies in higher education and ensure that university graduates are highly competitive in the creative industries.

The article researches specific features of current educational environment and substantiates trends on education market in conditions of shaping digital infrastructure of university business-processes. Special attention was paid to revealing positive and negative elements connected with digital transformations in educational activities of university in view of their impact on student community satisfaction with the education process. The authors studied possible trends in investigating digital educational environment with regard to the mentioned-above elements in order to raise education quality and degree of student satisfaction as participants of the education process.

The article analyzes factors identifying space organization of recreation activities, reveals key elements of space strateging of recreation sphere. In view of systemic approach recreation territory is considered as a complicated system that includes a recreation complex. The authors elaborated and used methodology of assessing ratings of recreation appeal of administrative regions of the Donetsk Peoples’ Republic, which is based on geo-marketing information systems and takes into account different types of recreation resources permitting to estimate the territory potential for recreation development. The use of geo-marketing information systems in analysis of recreation resources gives an opportunity to represent visually the recreation potential of the Donetsk Peoples’ Republic. On the basis of research findings geo-marketing maps of the recreation complex were worked out that demonstrate the importance of geo-marketing indicators for each category of resources. Finally, problem aspects of recreation complex functioning in the Donetsk Peoples’ Republic were identified and possible ways of their resolving were revealed.

The article studies the role of the program-target method in managing public finance in entities of the Russian Federation. Different points of view of Russian scientists concerning this approach were analyzed, including its ability to accumulate budget funds to attain strategic goals of social and economic development, as well as the relation between budget expenses and expected results of bodies of power activities. Regulatory and legal basis of working-out and implementing state programs were studied, including federal and regional legislation. The authors put forward trends of upgrading the process of elaboration and implementation of state programs on the regional level, such as upgrading regional methodology, adaptation of legislation for today’s conditions, introduction of digital technologies and raising coordination between different levels of power. Concrete steps aimed at improving the quality of planning and implementing state programs were advanced, among them specification of efficiency appraisal criteria, introduction of new tools of monitoring and control and consolidation of links between different levels of power. Research findings can be used to raise the efficiency of public finance management and to improve social and economic situation in regions. Special attention was paid to recommendations on upgrading programtarget method, including the development of acute criteria for state programs, increase in control over target indicator attainment and provision of finance account transparency.

Nowadays power systems of countries undergo serious changes caused by passing to sustainable electric power sources. The process of power transfer in the world is rather irregular, which affects social and economic processes all over the world. Investment into power projects shall be planned due to numerous reasons, including economic and finance ones. This article provides an approach to planning investment into electric power stations working on sustainable sources of electric power, such as SES, VES, GES and AES. In spite of the problem importance, not so many works have been published in this field. On the basis of advanced model of analyzing time series estimation of necessary investment was done to reach the set goals in two BRICS countries: Russia and Brazil. The research showed similarities and differences in power systems of two countries and dynamics of electric power generation on sustainable sources. Brazil is one of global leaders by the share of sustainable sources of energy in the power balance and it continues fast development in all types of sustainable power. Russia also shows high dynamics of development in certain types of sustainable power engineering. The approach demonstrated in the article proves its effectiveness and can be used to forecast electric power generation and investment into building necessary capacities for the period of 1-3 years.

The article provides key aspects of margining procyclicity on the horizon of historic volatility. The goal of the research is to study specific features of margining procyclicity to develop counter-cyclic measures. The research subject is restriction of margining procyclicity in the National Clearing Center. On the basis of historic dynamics of risk-factors trends were revealed causing cardinal change in risk-parameters of margining, which later can put excess marginal burden on finance market participants during the shock on finance market. The problem of time lag of response on stress was analyzed, as it is connected with the period of assessing the current volatility and external factors influencing the change of margining cycle stage. To identify the most dynamic to changes margining parameters the structure of protection levels of the National Clearing Center in Russia is analyzed. The article gives an example of colliding with procyclicity of overseas clearing centers and studies IOSCO recommendations concerning introduction of necessary measures of countercyclicity. Findings of the research serve as a recommendation indicator of procyclicity monitoring, which helps reduce margining burden on clearing participants and balance requirements during inter-cycling periods.

Today’s concept of managing agricultural organization shall propose to conduct efficient HR policy in agrarian sector, which could help respond quickly on external negative factors and on different changes taking place in the organization itself. In general the development of human resourcing in the agrarian sector of economy is an important task, which requires complex approach and attention on the part of all concerned parties, such as government bodies, education institutions, employers and the rural population. The article studies specific features and current trends of human resourcing of organizations working in agriculture. The role of HR services in managing human resources was shown and key lines in analyzing HR of agricultural organizations were presented. Special attention was paid to quantitative and qualitative analysis of labour resources. Key positions in estimating HR needs and provision in agriculture affecting functioning of agricultural organizations were found and importance of grounded estimation of human resourcing necessary for organizations of the agro-industrial complex was highlighted.

Topicality of the research subject is proved by the fact that during the last two decades new forms of employment kept developing, among which digital work takes the leading position as it is a dynamic and flexible form of basic and additional employment. Changes on Russian labour market taking place in the context of passing to platform employment lead to the necessity to investigate structural changes. The article provides findings of the economic and statistic research on the structure of platform-employed people in Russian economy. The choice of basic period of time for the research is stipulated by the fact that since the 1st quarter 2022 statistic records include the indicator of those platform-employed. Investigation of 1D simple structures made it possible to draw up social and demographic profile of platform-employed resident of Russia and make conclusions about its alterations during a set period of time. By analyzing structural shifts results were obtained that show a drop in certain sections by a number of characteristics, such as gender, age, education and its level, place of residence. Inessential changes in structures being studied were found. Research findings dealing with structure of platform employment can be used as a basis for elaborating employment policy aimed at creation of stable and flexible system promoting economic development in conditions of fast changing labour market.

The article studies definition of the essence of state policy in the field of small and medium entrepreneurship support (SME), methods of its development and implementation. The authors specify the notion of state policy in the field of small and medium entrepreneurship in view of provision synthesis of institutional, neo-institutional and post-neoclassical approaches. A principle outline of combination of development and implementation methods of state policy in the field of SME support was put forward, as well as its key goals of functioning. The article shows that in accordance with the authors’ approach the most favorable type of state policy of SME support is being shaped, which takes into consideration the most important finance and economic and managerial criteria. The authors substantiated typology of institutionally strictly non-formalized types of state policy in the field of SME support by such classification signs as style of managing the development and implementation of state policy, regular feed-back with SME entities, internal and external balance, way of substantiation and factual results. A conclusion was drawn that basic goals of using methods of devising and realization of state policy in the field of SME development are provision of productivity growth in the sector and extension of mean life cycle of SME entities.

In the system of state power one of key tools of state regulation is digital policy, whose goal is to improve functioning of certain entities of economy, such as small and medium enterprises, corporations, institutions of development, bodies of power and their interaction with business in new digital conditions of work. The article uses the role of digital interaction of state and business as a foundation for decision-making in attaining goals of social and economic development. Approaches to the current content of the notion ‘digitalization’ were reviewed, different processes of state and business interaction were studied, classification of its forms by author’s criteria was conducted, specific features of digital interaction were identified that become evident in today’s conditions of economic development with dubious interpretation of its earlier appraisal. The article provides comparison of goals, content and realization of digital interaction of state and business on the basis of international and Russian practices.

Information openness is very important to develop interaction of power and society. Its level demonstrates such aspects of management processes as transparency, accountability, involvement, confidence and feedback. To identify the level of information openness the authors analyzed results of information placement on administration site of a town in the Leningrad region, which were compared with results of town dwellers’ questionnaire conducted both off-line and on-line. The research revealed serious shortcomings of administration in the field of acute and accessible informing of people, which was confirmed by results of population survey that showed dissatisfaction in the possibility to get operative, accessible and trustworthy information. The authors underlined the paramount importance of upgrading information openness in creating positive image of power and rendering support to the development of civil society in the country.

The development of management on the basis of Industry 4.0 (4th industrial revolution) is stipulated by the necessity of digital transformation of social and technological systems in conditions of digital technology and global competition progress. This vector was set by Edicts of the President of the Russian Federation that fixed targets of digital development for the long-range perspective. Technologies of Industry 4.0 concepts cause changes in the system of higher education. These changes deal not only with new methods of education but also with innovation approaches to management. The article provides proposals on upgrading the system of higher education management on the basis of tools advanced by Industry 4.0 concepts.

Time-management as a branch within the frames of general management has accumulated a great number of practical tools for more than two centuries of its history, which help raise personal efficiency of executive at the organization and team efficiency of body headed by the executive. However in works by time-management classics the topic of appraisal of economic efficiency of such tool introduction has not been worked out, as well as their impact on economic indicators of organization functioning. Moreover, approaches elaborated by the soviet school of scientific organization of managerial work not always can be used in today’s business-organizations. The article presents the author’s methodology of introducing corporate time-management and appraisal of economic efficiency of such introduction, which gives an opportunity to link the use of time-management tools with business indicators of enterprise work. Examples of using this methodology in medium business companies (instrument-making industry) and big business (construction corporation) were provided.

Decentralized autonomous organizations based on team management and algorithmic mechanisms of decisionmaking play a serious role in the development of digital economy. Their introduction helps eliminate shortcomings typical of traditional hierarchical management and provides more democratic decision-making in digital communities. However, in spite of decentralization ideals today’s decentralized autonomous organizations demonstrate a stable trend towards recentralization of power. The article provides a systemic analysis of factors stipulating management centralization in decentralized autonomous organizations. By analyzing the current research and empiric data a comprehensive classification of such factors was put forward, as well as methods opposing them. Both technological and legal and social solutions are being discussed. The discussion substantiates the necessity to reach balance between decentralization and managerial efficiency. Finally, a conclusion was made running that sustainability of decentralized autonomous organizations does not depend on centralization elimination but on ability to develop adaptive mechanisms of power restriction.

Highly-technological production forms a basis of Russian industry. Its development directly affects competitiveness and defense potential of the country. This sector of economy covers both private enterprises and state-owned corporations that form different associations. Among them it is possible to identify manufacturing companies working in different spheres, such as defense industry, transportation, agriculture, power engineering and oil and gas sector. Market globalization caused changes in the competitive environment: nowadays the whole chains of added value compete but not separate companies. It means that to be successful it is necessary to diversify sales markets and to form industrial ecosystems, which in its turn set technological and production interaction of economic interests of different participants. Successful company functioning in conditions of high competition includes thorough analysis and appraisal of strategic planning with regard to its work diversification. Research methods consist of systematization and generalization of data of current investigations concerning analysis and assessment of strategic planning of highly-technological production diversification.

In conditions of fast digitalization present day organizations face the necessity to revise approaches to document management. The research deals with complex analysis of electronic archivation as a key element of raising efficiency of organizational management in the era of digital transformation. The basis of methodological foundation is made up by systemic analysis, which includes studying academic publications, regulatory and legal acts and also successful cases of introduction, such as UNESCO project ‘Memory of the World’. Special attention was paid to comparative assessment of traditional and electronic systems of archivation by three key parameters: economic efficiency, data security and access comfort. The mentioned research allowed us to identify serious advantages of systems of electronic archivation (SEA). Firstly, they demonstrate impressive economic efficiency, cutting costs of document storage by 40–60% due to automation process and use of cloud technologies. Secondly, current SEA ensures full compliance with legal requirements at the expense of electronic signature and marks of entrusted time and it is especially important for long-term storage of documents. Thirdly, integration of advanced technologies, such as AI (including processing of natural language and computer sight) can help speed up document processing by 70%, while block-chain use can guarantee invariability and transparency of archive records. The acute nature of the research is stipulated by exponential growth of digital document volumes, from standard finance accounting to complicated BIM-models and the necessity to protect them against cyber-threats and physical degradation of information carriers. Prospects of electronic archivation development are connected with introduction of Predictive Analytics meant for intellectual forecasting document storage periods and applying quant technologies to protect information. However, the research revealed a number of problems requiring solution: the phenomenon of ‘digital oblivion’ caused by fast obsolescence of formats and the necessity of considerable initial investment into infrastructure. Thus, we can say that electronic archivation is not only a technological innovation but a strategic tool of management capable to raise efficiency of organizations in conditions of digital economy. Research findings can be used to develop practical recommendations on introducing SEA in different spheres.

The article studies goods supply of consumer products, sources of goods resources and quality of consumer products in Russia. The goal of the research is to find out structural shifts taking place in goods offer on consumer market of the Russian Federation. Within the frames of the set goal the structure of aggregate goods resources of retail sale in dynamics and the structure of food and non-food goods resources of retail sale in dynamics were analyzed. Criteria which are used by customers in shaping their buying preferences in the context of the country of product origin were studied; expert estimation of goods supply of home marketplaces was conducted; conclusions were drawn and experts’ views and forecasts of the structure of goods resources in retail sale of the Russian Federation in the medium-range perspective were provided. Appraisal was done by using methods of statistical, dynamic and content-analysis, as well as method of experts’ estimations. It was concluded that balance in the field of goods resources of food products on consumer market of the Russian Federation has been reached. Three quarters of food are produced in Russia. Analysis of customer preferences confirmed high loyalty of Russian customers to home food products and confidence in their quality. Experts’ estimation showed that by 2030 the share of imported non-food products in the structure of goods resources can drop to 50–55% at the expense of rising share of goods produced in the Russian Federation and EAEC members.

Lately import-substitution has become an important element of economic strategy of Russia. Clothes market is a key sphere of country economy, where this process is developing very fast. The article studies the mass-market segment that takes about 70% of the total market turnover. The authors analyzed preferences of younger customers at the age of 16–25, as this segment will make up the principle effective demand in the near future. During the last two years the mass-market niche of clothes brands that became less busy after withdrawal of overseas participants is being filled up with home and new foreign representatives of fashion industry. Among local brands that started working on Russian market in this period 57.5% makes up newcomers or brands, which earlier functioned on-line; 25% – new brands launched by companies already present on market and 17.5% – brands restarted by stores of foreign retailers that left market. The research goal is to study younger generation perception of home and overseas brands in massmarket segment and identify marketing aspects of their development on Russian market. As a research method survey was chosen that was conducted distantly by using on-line questionnaires. Respondents living and studying in the Republic of Tatarstan (303 people) took part in the survey. Research findings showed that the key customers’ requirements in choosing clothes are quality, affordability, comfort of the purchase and product-line compliance with modern trends and private style. It was found that for the segment being investigated the country of brand origin is not so important, while 5–7 years ago the image of Russian clothes brands were considered to be much lower than overseas ones. Developing Russian brands of clothes focusing on individuality and identification of customer personality can act as a principle for attracting attention of younger segment. An obvious advantage of work with this audience is the decision of Russian manufacturers not to struggle with the stereotype ‘foreign brands are always better’, as zummers’ attitude to Russian and foreign clothes brands is the same, which was proved by the research findings.

The article deals with the problem of changes in traditional customer motives, habits and preferences on the background of fast and large-scale digital transformations. It was pointed out that virtualization and brand new information and communication technologies render multiply effect by covering not only customers but also the field of business activities, goods markets and by turning them drastically into new institutions of digital reality. Attention was focused on the fact that today a new model of consumption and its new archetype i. e. digitalcustomer have been formed. It was highlighted that dematerialization of various deals in the field of value exchange, economic entities’ rejection from real contacts and preferences of on-line-communications are stipulated by a new type of rationality and namely, by wish to minimize different transactions and maximize usefulness. A conclusion was drawn that patterns altering customer behavior are initiated not only by fast changes and continuous arising of innovation but also by mental, individual and personality aspects, value landmarks and personal qualities. The research findings can extend our ideas about the process of customer decision-making and features of behavior practices in times of large-scale digital shift.

In today’s conditions a brand new component of the economic system came into being i. e. electronic commerce. A fierce struggle on the international stage is taking place among countries for domination in digital trade, where each state is doing its best to use opportunities of this promising trend. Transformation of trade relations through ecommerce development provides a way to fundamental changes in classical retail trade, sharpening of competitive environment and speeding up economic development. The present research focuses on assessing the place of Russian e-commerce in the international context and identifying key lines in development and promising ways of its progress. Special attention is paid to internet-trade as an essential element of e-commerce. As information basis the authors used research reports and statistic data of principle analytical organizations, such as Ecommerce Foundation, Data Insight and AKIT.

Developing marketing strategy in e-commerce requires serious research, analysis of current strategy and things that can be changed. Marketing plan can help business reach success in sales stimulation and at the same time it can provide better ideas of the present situation and future progress. The article describes key stages of developing marketing strategy, including marketing plan for internet-store. Special attention is paid to trade- mark registration. A lot of companies try to get to marketplaces, as there is an opinion that it is enough to place goods on the site and then you do not need to work as marketplace will sell everything by itself. In theory it is like this: you can sell by putting your goods on trade platform. But in practice the situation is different. Hundreds of people all over Russia can put similar goods as yours and all of them will compete for customer attention. Competition is possible with the help of in-built tools of marketplace: product description, special offers, adverts and others. The author studied situations of selling goods of own production and goods under supplier brand.

The article studies the impact of individual characteristics on customer choice within the frames of trade on on-line platforms. By modeling logistic regression it is possible to study the impact on probability of making purchases of such factors as age, level of education, satisfaction with life, technical skills and other private characteristics. The analysis showed that key determinants of customer behavior include the level of technical skills and education, while others variables render much lower influence. Research findings can provide foundation for personalization of marketing strategies and development of programs for goods promotion on on-line platforms.