Social changes, transformation of human activity from labour to creative work, alteration of material conditions and use of new production factors are bound to cause changes in the organization itself. In the article the author tries to show how the organization could change in the future. The author depicts how the organization changed under the influence of its activity development and under the impact of the external environment. Organization models in industrial, post-industrial and information society are described. Some of these models are designed by the author himself. The organization model in economy of knowledge was considered in detail. The author’s concept implies that in economy of knowledge features and aims of organizations of business and social field will be somewhat similar. Organizations of the future will differ from current organizations in the following way: 1) another organizational culture, which will foster creativity and freedom of man; 2) broad application of knowledge in all fields of organization’s activity; 3) continuous, wide use of innovation in order to attain organization’s goals; 4) high degree of specialization; 5) minimum number of hierarchical levels in management, reducing the use of the command (project) approach to work (task) fulfillment, changing the role of management. Theoretical conclusions are corroborated by examples from world practice, which are not so numerous today.

The article grounds the necessity of designing the system of early training of managers with due regard to current trends in market economy. The priority objectives of present business education are managers’ ability to solve managerial problems connected with peculiarities of individual labour behavior of employees. Monitoring research of workers at big corporations showed that more than 70% of employees are motivated for the economic model of behavior in work. The principle cause of their labour activity is the amount of wage. In order to understand the essence of controlling the economic behavior of employee at today’s corporation the author developed a specific model, which includes characteristics of economic behavior of worker, his/her strategy of economic behavior, motivating mechanisms affecting employee’s behavior and leading to higher labour efficiency. On the basis of this model the content of the teaching module ‘Controlling Economic Behavior of Employee at Today’s Corporations’ was developed. It was shownthat training of students should be based on the system approach and a set of subjects by using methods of active training, focused lectures, case-method, imitation projects and students’ participation in business games and communication trainings. Such an approach develops innovation thinking, the ability to apply academic theory in real practical situations. The author identifies the criteria, which could fix different levels of forming control over economic behavior of employees at today’s corporations.

The article discusses present day problems of training politologists and sociologists in university of economics.  It shows a multi-level structure of political education in the Russian Plekhanov University of Economics and analyzed typical academic and education objectives. Specific features of education technologies used in the teaching process are identified. They are political information, project workshops, joint preparation of articles, participation of students in work of research clubs, their involvement in research activity, introduction during the 1-st year of practically oriented subjects, application of case studies and games. The authors for the first time identified the correlation between the three principle types of final qualification papers prepared by students- politologists and students –sociologists, i.e. explanatory, empiric and project ones. The article shows a specific role of programs of further education, such as ‘Multi- Media Journalism’ and ‘Conflictology’ in training of highly- qualified specialists.  It demonstrates potential prospects of developing political education in university of economics and puts forward recommendations aimed at developing political education at the level of bachelor, master and PhD courses and further education. The authors come to the conclusion that political education in the Russian Plekhanov University of Economics is at the stage of active development. They underline that introduction of new education technologies could provide an opportunity for graduates politologists and sociologists to learn how to function rationally in political and economic sphere.

The present day education system should clearly meet the requirements of our time. Issues of innovation development are the most acute today. Arising universities 3.0 advance special requirements not only to lecturers, but to graduates and therefore to organization of the teaching process. In this connection it is important to discuss possibility of using intellectual work results in the teaching process. The article analyzes the use of academic results of research, which was conducted with due regard to their necessary legal protection and gives suggestions concerning the improvement of efficiency in using the results of intellectual work with taking into account the specific features of their registration and estimation both in-university and on the part of regulators. The important criterion of legal protection of the intellectual work result is its being in demand, i.e. the possibility of their practical use. University 3.0 must have working results of intellectual work. The basic field of using academic results should be concentrated in the teaching process, where as a new assessing criterion of the lecturer’s skill it is possible to introduce the number of academic results, that can acquire the status of intellectual work results after testing in the classroom, which could provide additional bonuses to the lecturer and new knowledge to the student and a new intellectual product ready for use to the university.

The development of global education space, the current processes of globalization and internationalization in market conditions introduce their amendments to the process of restructuring the system of Russian education. That is why the article raises such acute problems as optimization of the education process in university, the quality of the faculty work, investigation of qualitative and quantitative parameters of university lecturers, restructuring the education system, the crisis connected with difficult adaptation of the faculty to conditions and requirements of education reforms, as well as issues of professionalization, autonomy and responsibility of the faculty. The authors try to identify the most acute external and internal problems of the education system; causes of the staff crisis and ways of overcoming negative consequences of the current ‘westernization’ of higher school; introduction of digital information environment in all spheres of activity and using the strategy of passing-over to digital university; independent assessment of the results of each faculty member and his/her contribution to the development of the education institution.

The article analyzes off-shoring processes in order to find new ways for developing taxation planning oriented to prevention of asset outflow beyond Russian jurisdiction due to the taxation system restructuring. The authors showed the necessity to decline the appeal of off-shore for entities of economic activity based on rational taxation legislation. They substantiate the topicality of researching the taxation system restructuring in Russia, which fosters business development and new taxation mechanism designing providing conditions for reduction of off-shore development. Key forms of taxation incentive were investigated in order to identify possibilities of their impact on de-off-shoring processes and grounding the necessity of developing a new taxation mechanism for extending tax payments on growth of capital till the completion of the investment process. The article considers the taxation manoeuvre towards increasing the taxation base and its feasibility in Russian conditions. The article describes priorities of Russian taxation policy and its improvement in today’s circumstances of complicated geopolitical situation and sanction restrictions. The authors come to the conclusion about Russia transition to a row of innovation countries and put forward a set of measures aimed at creating optimal conditions of all economic agents’ involvement in innovation activity and filling economy with innovation content. Among key results of the research we should mention grounding taxation system restructuring, which stimulates business development and designing practical recommendations aimed at improvement of the mechanism of taxation impact on off-shore processes.

Efficiency of managerial decisions, higher economical characteristic of transactions, providing truthfulness of finance accounting, compliance of company work with the effective legislation depend greatly on competent internal control. Lately serious attention has been paid to the function of internal control in the organization. It is connected with the fact that Russian companies are more and more involved in global integration and economic processes. Shaping the system of internal control implies identification of the most serious risks, i.e. those which can cause finance losses, designation of control procedures in order to minimize or eliminate risks. The article investigates issues of developing and estimating the system of internal control on the basis of risk card by singling out one of the principle elements of the system – risk estimation. The author shows key stages of work in the field of building the effective system of internal control: identification and description of key business processes; definition and identification of risks typical of key business processes; estimation of risks; finding borders of risk acceptability; disclosing information about identified risks; development and introduction of effective control measures aimed at risk control beyond borders of acceptability. Execution of the mentioned above steps could provide efficiency of the system of internal control that is efficiency of managerial decisions promoting favorable development of finance and economic activity.

Today the impact of foreign-trade operations as an important element of foreign – economic activity on economy of Russia has increased. Thus showing all stages of foreign-trade barter deal is becoming more and more acute. Because of that the organization could avoid difficulties in the process of shaping income of the operation. As a result of export-import operation integration not only positive effects but also certain problems were found. Practice of auditing demonstrated that currency, commercial and finance risks are not controlled completely or are controlled insufficiently, which can cause damages to the organization. An important step during auditing is the process of identifying advantages and disadvantages in the existing control over foreign-trade barter deals. In case such a control is absent, the assessment of goods movement on the way, in places of storage and transportation is violated. According to the Federal Customs Service import reached the minimum value in the last 5 years. It is connected mainly with food embargo (which caused the record drop in deliveries from EU countries), numerous bans introduced last year and fall in the ruble rate. The author advanced methodology of barter deal auditing during conducting foreign economic activity by organizations and the system of record-keeping of operations, which play an important role in foreign trade of Russian organizations and entrepreneurs.

The article studies history of Russian machine-tool building, analyzes the current situation in this industry and shows prospects of its development. It provides intermediary results of import-substitution policy. We can say that dependence on import has declined, but it is still high. Industry products have low competitiveness both on foreign and home market. The authors show key problems of Russian machine-tool building industry: shortage of new, advanced equipment; deficit of investment resources; high import dependence; serious fragmentation. They identify factors influencing the establishment of modern material production, in particular fast spreading of new technologies, effective and continuous increase in knowledge-intensity of material production, etc. The authors pay attention to the fact that in global machine-tool building two revolutions took place during the last 20–30 years, they are technical and institutional. As a result of the 1st revolution the nature of machines, technology of their production and use changed; as a result of the 2nd one – the way of market organization of machine-tool building products. Russian machine-tool building industry had to catch up with other participants of the market. The authors formulated recommendations aimed at upgrading the procedure of developing machine-tool building clusters. Theypropose to set up a system of integrators that will be able to consolidate market suggestions of Russian machine-tool builders and supply to customers finished production sections and lines.

The article studies the practice of municipal control and account bodies interaction in conducting external municipal control. The information about agreements on interaction and cooperation with such structures as control and account and finance bodies, law-enforcement bodies, other territorial divisions of federal bodies of power, bodies of power of entities of the Russian Federation and municipal formations was summarized and analyzed. Interaction of municipal control and account bodies is carried out at all stages of work, starting with planning and exchange of necessary information and finishing with sending the results of control and expert-analytical procedures to lawenforcement bodies and other concerned bodies so that steps within their competence can be taken. Within the frames of the said agreements joint meetings, conferences, round table discussions are conducted; employees of the control and account bodies are invited by law-enforcement bodies for participation in control procedures or rendering practical help; municipal control and account bodies send to law-enforcement bodies materials of control procedures so that steps within their competence can be taken; joint control and expert-analytical procedures with other control bodies are carried out; methodological aid on the part of control and account bodies of entities of the Russian Federation is rendered. To exchange experience control and account bodies take part in joint commissions, ad hoc groups, counsils. The authors put forward proposals aimed at improvement of the system of interaction of municipal control and account bodies with different organizations within the frames of their competences in order to raise the efficiency of external municipal finance control, which implies the decrease in corruption risks and provision of effective use of budget funds.

The article studies and analyzes typical regularities of correlation between quantitative characteristics of social systems (indicators) and correlation between the structure and dynamics of threats on the basis of expert estimation in points. It identifies and grounds the necessity of using the obtained forecast of socio-demographic threats in order to develop and pursue new global demographic policy. A long-term scientifically grounded strategy is necessary to meet efficiently new serious challenges to global security that jeopardize civilization on the Earth. But this strategy has not been developed yet. In order to manage living processes or social systems it is needed to have their quantitative characteristics (indicators). For physical and economic processes and systems the system of gauges in the form of natural or value indexes can be used. In this case methods of expert assessment will allow us to reduce non-comparable indexes to their common index showing them in points. Such methods of quantitative assessment are used widely in public science. To assess threats to global security the authors propose to use strategic matrix in two modifications: for quantitative measuring the level of threat dynamic to global security by 6 elements of civilization genotype (genotype of civilization) and more detail matrix for each of 6 elements and estimation of their concrete indexes. Its novelty is the use of information for 60 years, including those of forecast by the optimistic scenario. The basis of matrix is formed by estimation of the system of socio-demographic element in genotype. The use of multi-factor matrix can provide an opportunity to range by their importance technological, informational and economic threats to global security in the 1-st half of the 21st century

The article reviews topical socio-natural and socio-ecologo-economic models designed in overseas countries during the last decade with the help of the method of agent imitation modeling, which is successfully used to resolve a wide range of tasks connected with researching the character of mutual impact of components of socio-natural systems and assessment of consequences of socio-natural interaction, as well as searching for optimal strategies of sustainable economic development in regions observing the principles of ecologic security. It analyzes constructive features of agent-oriented and multi-agent models and on the basis of its results it puts forward the classification of models, according to which it is possible to combine them in two groups, each of them includes several sub-types depending on the purpose and specific conceptual idea of building the imitation process. The 1st group embraces  models, which reproduces the structure of interconnected components of the system ‘nature-society’ and imitates anthropogenic processes within the frames of territories (regions) being researched, the 2nd one – models, with the help of which it is possible to design systems for interactive monitoring and control over the environment quality, to imitate processes of environment contamination with harmful matters and to assess the impact of ecological conditions on health of the population living on territories (regions) being researched. Examples of models designed by geo-informational and information-telecommunication technologies are provided. Further development of advanced methods of scientific analysis and forecasting, modeling of large-scale highly-detailed systems and processes connected with studying socio-ecological problems of interaction of society and nature and design of intellectual systems of managing the quality of the environment is directly connected with the aim of increasing model productivity, whose resolving can be promoted by passing-over from imitation modeling to parallel and distributed one, as well as using specialized program-apparatus means and super-computer resources to provide parallel calculations.

To find a new vector of developing anti-trust regulation the article researches mechanism of its transformation. In the process of research the academic hypothesis is proved, i. e. anti-trust regulation transforms in line with the change of models of state economy regulation and subject to the economic cycle is used by state as a tool of influencing the results of goods markets functioning with limited and developed competition. The disclosed cause- and effect links determining the transformation mechanism made it possible to identify stages of developing antitrust regulation in the world and in Russia. In order to overcome backwardness of economy and implement the National plan of developing competition  in the Russian Federation  conceptual principles were developed for the new phase of anti-trust regulation, which are shown in the model of interest balance with the respective key indicators. The presented model is the development of the Harvard paradigm ‘structure – behavior – result’ that was later supplemented with basic conditions and state policy, whose system includes anti-trust regulation. Therefore, with regard to designed conceptual principles with state regulation of goods market what is the most important is the balance of interests of entities of market – state, business entities and customers that form the structure, behavior and result.

One important problem of economy at the current stage of society development is the increase in proportion of informally employed population in the total amount of labour. The prolonged trend of this indicator growth requires serious attention to this problem. Topicality of this problem is stipulated by increasing disturbance in society arising due to the growth in the number of informally employed population, non-observance of labour legislation standards and therefore, employees’ uncertainty about tomorrow. The author analyzes reasons for informal employment, identifies key spheres of its concentration and forming the full picture of problem non-uniformity. The basis of the research is formed by methods of analysis and synthesis of statistic data, which is published annually on the official portal of the Federal service of state statistics. Findings of the research shown in the article demonstrate characteristic features typical of informal employment in today’s society and analyze reasons and sphere of concentration of informally employed population. The obtained conclusions can be used as substantiation for the concept of regulating informally employed people on the territory of the Russian Federation.

Creation of the new company – a necessary stage of the beginning of any business. This stage is the base of her future potential. In article process of creation of the Starbucks and Nike companies in the absence of significant advantages at the initial stage of their development is investigated, the reasons of success, feature of the subsequent development of effective strategy and competitive advantages as bases of their global expansion in the world markets are considered. Special attention is paid by the author to the embodiment of passionate desire of founders of the companies to creation of a high-quality product of the world level causing in buyers insuperable thirst of possession of Results of a research allow to conclude that creation of the company can begin with elementary actions, including copying of business models of competitors, use of traditional technologies, but means of achievement of leadership in the market nevertheless is the subsequent development of successful strategy and competitive advantages. Studying of experience of creation of the Starbucks and Nike companies allows to simplify process of formation of the new perspective companies and can be used in domestic corporate management.

In order to attract the attention of customers and build their loyalty the trade enterprise should stand out at the background of others. One factor promoting attainment of this goal is the shop atmosphere. This category is essential for the service sector. The idea of atmosphere is also topical for medical institutions as enterprises of the service sector. What are its components in the field of public health and how can they be used? Can the atmosphere of the medical institution influence patients’ mood? You can find answers to these questions in this article. Analysis of the degree of this problem development in Russian and overseas publications allow us to speak about insufficient attention to its marketing component. In overseas literature the atmosphere of medical institutions is discussed only from the point of view of its therapeutic effect for patients and medical personnel, while Russian publications have not considered this issue. The list of atmosphere parameters consists of well-known elements. Traditionally it is investigated in the field of retail trade, as it makes possible to create and strengthen communication with clients in places of goods selling, to increase sales of the product range and profit. Is the list of parameters the same in medical institution? This question is still topical. The authors identify important parameters of the atmosphere in the medical institution influencing the younger generation – customers of medical services.

The current conditions in business can be characterized as uncertain and complicated and it limits possibilities of using quantitative methods for analysis and forecast of the economic situation. The article summarizes theoretical material dealing with cognitive modeling. It is proposed to analyze complicated systems on the basis of tools shown in the article, which could provide an opportunity to get an integral view of the situation at the expense of quantitative-qualitative and space-time description of the situation in conditions of certainty, risk and uncertainty. Imprecise causal algebra, which forms the basis of the method, makes it possible to identify direct and indirect links between elements of the system, to analyze the system behavior, to find utmost standing allowing us to forecast the situation development in the long-term period. It is also feasible to calculate the principle characteristics of the system, such as density, complexity, the degree of hierarchy. The author gives a system analysis of the enterprise functioning on the basis of imprecise cognitive card, which models the current conditions of business in today’s Russian economy, including factors of internal and external environment of the organization. The opportunity to include in the model plenty of variables, even with imprecise values, direct and indirect link with different degree of precision, to combine accurate and expert knowledge, simplicity and speed of combining uncoordinated knowledge, build cognitive cards and obtain needed results, as well as possibility of scenario forecasting and planning make imprecise cognitive cards an essential tool of preliminary analysis of complicated systems.

The author puts forward methodology of estimating and forecasting control quality in the system of managing business processes of the complicated multi-parametric system. The results of estimation are given in qualitative and quantitative forms. In order to calculate errors in control probabilistic models of false and unfound rejects were developed. For qualitative estimation of the system functioning imprecise models were developed. Probabilistic models make it possible to study the impact of statistic characteristics of modeling agents on control errors and risks. Producer’s risk and customer’s risk are considered as risks. Truthfulness and effectiveness of modeling can be checked through computer experiment on the basis of imitation algorithm. The mathematic model and the imitation algorithm have universal nature and can be used in different scientific and technical practical applications. The article describes a concrete example of estimating risks of decision-making in personnel quality management in higher education. To do this the theory of imprecise multitudes is used. To estimate the personnel quality a differentiated approach by totality of such parameters as experience, education, qualification, health, age is applied. As these parameters can hardly be estimated quantitatively, the imprecise approach on the basis of linguistic indicators is used. To combine differentiated indicators in the final integral assessment ‘human resource’ the mathematic expression was put forward. The author advanced a new multi-approach methodology of quantitative estimation of risks of decision-making in multi-parametric system of control and management through differentiated and integral functional indicators of the unit.

Economy of the Altay territory is a diversified complex, where key types of economic activity are manufacturing industry, agriculture, wholesale and retail trade. A specific feather of the territory is a high proportion of the rural population – 39.3% of the total number of employed people (23% in Russia) and a low number of students of primary, secondary vocational and higher education as compared with all – Russian figures. According to the strategy of social and economic development of the Altay territory up to 2025 the priority lines in the territory economy are bio-technology, pharmaceutics, certain branches of machine building and food industry, tourismrecreation and transportation complexes, high-profit services of the service sector, including finance services, as well as services in the field of high technologies. The level of training specialists and skilled workers for this diversified labour market in general is sufficient, training is conducted by more than 200 specializations in all priority lines however, the training in the vocational education system fell down by 20% during the last 5 years. The demographic situation in the territory seriously influenced these figures. Changes in the structure of the GRP of the Altay territory caused the reduction in the proportion of manufacturing industry and agriculture, which affected negatively the level of population employment in production industries. The authors studied the key trends of the system of vocational education development in the territory in 2012–2016 and showed that the misbalance of education service supply with the real need in them on the labour market was caused both by the absence of reliable methods of labour market forecasting by quantity and structure and the impact of population preferences assessing subjectively the demand for labour resources proceeding from personal ideas about the demand for this or that profession. It can lead to the excess number of specialists of ‘popular’ professions and difficulties with their employment and, on the other hand – to the shortage of needed professional staff.

In article one of current problems of modern legal regulation in Russia – lack of due legal support of the labor relations in the sphere to digital economy is considered. The complexity consists in interindustry, cross-disciplinary regulation of the specified public relations that allows to speak about existence of the complex legal institute of the labor relations in the sphere of digital economy including norms of labor, economic, administrative law. The interindustry character of the analyzed public relations results in fragmentariness and discrepancy of the changes made to acts that has negative effect on law enforcement, and at times and violates the rights, legitimate interests of various parties of the labor relations (workers and employers). There is a set of questions which are connected with a possibility of the broadest application of digital economy concerning regulation of labor and other directly related relations to enshrine these processes at the legislative level, and in local regulations. In this regard development of the harmonious, evidence-based system of legal regulation of this segment of the labor relations adequate to the level of economic development of Russia allowing to fulfill strategically important national objectives at the same time is necessary providing respect for balance of both public, and private interests.

Setting-up and development of international integration blocks (The EU, BRICS, ShOC, CIS and others) demonstrate that isolated development of any country, including Russia in today’s conditions is impossible. The article discusses issues of objective necessity of regional integration in the world, in particular the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), an economic union established on the post-soviet territory as a new step in international integration, its specific features, history, essence and characteristics, key lines in its development in today’s conditions. Special attention is paid to analyzing social and economic development of member - states of this association on the basis of well-known international ratings. Such issues as index of business doing, index of education level are studied thoroughly.  The authors analyzed a great volume of historic, statistic and analytical material and put forward conclusions and recommendations within the frames of this article.

The article shows the place and role of Uzbekistan in foreign economic relations of the Russian Federation and analyzes the contract-legal foundation regulating trade and economic cooperation between the states. Special attention is paid to the structure and dynamics of goods turn-over and key lines in investment cooperation. The principle problems of trade cooperation according to the author are the low proportion of chemical industry in the structure of foreign trade, though it has a great potential of development and the pricing system of the Uzbek cotton fibre. The article shows features and priorities of Russian investment in economy of the republic, where it is possible to mention joint projects in the field of fuel and energy complex, conducting geological prospecting on the territory of the republic, developing oil-fields of hydrocarbon fuel and its transportation. As a conclusion the article provides the assessment of trade and economic cooperation between the countries, identifies prospects of further collaboration: deepening inter-regional links, broadening the range of mutual delivery of manufactured products, widening lines of Russian investment (coal industry, electric-power engineering, radio-technical and electronic industry). In order to study the impact of different factors on bilateral relations of cooperation the author used the empiric method, which includes analysis of statistic materials, study of documents, first of all multi-sided agreements and contracts and investigation of conceptual approaches of academics, practical experts and specialists in international problems.

The article describes shares and securities with indices trade on the stock exchange in Frankfurt, the biggest and professional trade site of the regulated stock exchange in Europe. The author investigates key indicators and parameters on the leading electronic trade platform ETF, which provides more effective results from the point of view of setting standards of securities trade. Conventional criteria of effectiveness are higher liquidity, transparency, flexibility, independence on location, wide diversification, low costs on max low price. Apart from that the article showed types of investment strategies, which are used successfully on the Frankfurt stock exchange. The article has scientifically practical character from the point of view of stock exchange regulation and due to it the German stock exchange takes the leading position.

Realizing the necessity to raise the efficiency of state governance resulted in the fact that in the late 20-th century many industrialized and developing countries passed-over to the system of management by results. The article provides the analysis of using principles and basis of management by results and changes in Syria. It is shown that these processes, which started in the early 20-th century, were interrupted by military actions but they resumed now. On the basis of studying current programs and projects of the administrative reform in Syria the author identified problems (military-political conflict, sanctions on the part of the US and EU member-states, isolation of the country) and restrictions (reluctance of civil servants to accept changes, week control over reforms being implemented, the absence of system approach to administrative reforms) of their realization and formulated steps aimed at raising efficiency of Syrian government’s measures and namely: forming a system of responsibility of civil servants on the basis of management by results, strengthening the system of estimation of state programs and projects effectiveness through the central bodies of finance control, designing practical measures of productivity and operative plans, strengthening the trend to using computer technologies and the Internet in the state sector, continuous monitoring of reorganization and restructuring on the micro-level in each state body and restructuring of the state sector each 10-15 years.