The article grounds the necessity to take into account the market specificity of state incentives of investment activity. It describes factors of fuel and power-engineering complex transformation in the Russian Federation in conditions of power globalization and the World Trade Organization extension. The fact that there are a lot of problems in the fuel and power-engineering complex of the Russian Federation envisages topicality of state incentives of investment activity in the field of power project implementation. The author identifies factor variables of specific features of the fuel and power-engineering complex on the national level and underlines the need to put into life the comprehensive investment steps in the field of fuel and power-engineering complex of the Russian Federation.  The article provides characteristics of overseas tools of state incentives of investment activity in the fuel and powerengineering complex viewed from specificity of their use. Warranties and finance support on the part of state in stimulating investment activity in the fuel and power - engineering complex are studied. Key integral elements of the system of state regulation in investment activity in the fuel and power-engineering complex are shown in the article, as well as indications of effective state incentives in the fuel and power-engineering complex. Finally, the author comes to the conclusion that state incentives of investment activity needs transformation in view of methodology.

The article deals with specific features of today’s organization in time of information economy and grounds the necessity to develop a management model based on principles of enterprise architecture and its interaction with the ecosystem on the background of digital transformation. It studies preconditions of shaping new approaches to enterprise management and their significance for developing the effective business-model in time of digital transformation; substantiates the efficiency of using syndinics as the concept basis for practical solutions aimed at system threat minimization. The problem of field covering strategy, tools and methods of providing economic security of enterprises in time of digital transformation was identified. The article focuses on enterprise economic security, principle foundations of its ensuring and requirements to methodological support of the development.  The academic field demonstrating problems of attaining economic security and approaches to its appraisal as enterprise strategy was also shown. The key conclusion is connected with the outlook of developing the enterprise business-model, which includes tools for assessing the efficiency of the system of organization economic security.  A final deduction was made about the potential of growth in competitive advantages in circumstances of turbulence with simultaneous retaining of sustainability against threats.

The article proves effectiveness of the law of instant equality of money unit buying capacity. It is shown that the law explains the phenomenon of money unit arising as a value measure and, consequently, grounds the unity of money arising principles as virtual value measure and real measures, i.e. physical quantities. The author analyzes historical evolution of money types and provides arguments that it is underlain by changing methods of fixing the money unit buying capacity. It is demonstrated that the quality of money units and, thus money systems, changes, when the method is altered. It is stated that the phenomenon of arising a unique buying capacity of all money units of the national currency at any moment of time possesses the same character as the method of providing the unity of measuring physical quantities. Consequently, the author comes to the conclusion that money units acting as a cost value should obey the basic principles of science dealing with measurements, i.e. ‘metrology’. The article grounds that methods providing the unity of value measuring through money, as well as methods providing the unity of measuring physical quantities correlate with the level of available technological possibilities. It could be concluded that due to the correlation requirement a new type of virtual money with constant buying capacity or ‘virtual gold’ will come into being. It is underlined that virtual gold can be used only within the frames of a brand new, i.e. bi-currency money system. It is characterized by simultaneous functioning of traditional paper money and previously unknown money with constant buying capacity. 

The article shows laws of organizational development of steel-making enterprises in the Check Republic and verifies the theoretical model of the production (operational) structure evolution. The said theoretical model of production (operational) structure evolution is based on the hypothesis concerning availability of two types of production (operational) structures: successive and parallel. In the process of enterprise growth and development these structures change each other by going over to a new level of development. Enterprises of steel-making industry (NACE codes 24.1, 24.2, 24.4 and 24.5) located on the territory of the Check Republic were chosen as objects of the research. Cluster analysis was used as the research method. The findings of the research approved in general the hypothesis about two types of organizational production (operational) structures and the theoretical model of production (operational) structure evolution. These findings can be used for developing business-models for steelmaking enterprises.  

Accumulated experience and advanced technologies provide an opportunity for the bank to develop new methods of competition and, therefore, to design new business-models. It is promoted by fast proliferation of digital platforms and ecosystems. The article studies different approaches to identifying business-models on whose foundations it is possible to form the concept of the digital business-model. The author points out to two principle elements of digital economy: the platform as the initial stage and the ecosystem as a more sophisticated stage.  On this foundation the author, having taken A. Osterwald and I. Pinie model, develops unified digital businessmodels for the following participants: the platform owner, the ecosystem owner, the supplier in the platform/ecosystem and provides them with detailed characteristics. The article underlines that fast success of these business-models is stipulated by such things as network and ecosystem effect. Apart from this, key factors of digital ecosystem competition are shown, among them the author highlights positioning in customer’s eyes, a set of services that can meet customer’s needs, possibility to provide personalized content, convenience of using the ecosystem. The conclusion about further prospects of developing platform and ecosystem business-models is made

The article studies key normative legal acts and laws that regulate the field of treating solid municipal waste (SMW) and functioning of regional operators on SMW treatment. It analyzes organization and economic problems of regional operators’ functioning. Key problems include the inability of regional committees on tariffs and prices to regulate regional operators due to the absence of the unified approach to such regulation; the complexity of identifying economically grounded expenses of regional operator; restrictions in methodological directions in articles of costs of container-bunker fleet; availability of big payable debt due to incomplete collection of pay for SMW treatment and so on. Special attention is paid to the problem connected with taking records of secondary resources and secondary raw materials from SMW. To solve this problem it was proposed to set up and develop the exchange of secondary resources, which could extend a set of organization and economic functions of regional operators dealing with SMW treatment and build new economic ties with enterprises within the frames of closed cycle economy.

Russia's transition to a circular economy requires the solution of a number of important problems which include various aspects of activity. The process of transition to sustainable economic development began at the end of the 20th century. This transition was enshrined in a number of legal acts of both international and domestic levels. Despite the widespread use of the term "circular economy" there is still no officially approved formulation of this concept. This makes it difficult to form quantitative indicators of achieving the set goals for the transition to this type of economy. The process of creating a fair mechanism for financing the waste management system in the country is hindered by artificial barriers in the form of administration, insufficiently substantiated environmental fee rates and recycling standards. The issue related to classifying waste as secondary material resources has not yet been worked out which requires amendments to the current legislation. There are no reliable data on the amount of waste generated and the degree of their impact on the environment and human health. We are required to form a unified information system containing data on the sources of waste generation. The solution of these problems, according to the authors of the study, will help improve the environment and human health.

Статья, написанная в период усиления политических и санкционных рисков в мировой экономике, посвящена особенностям современных гибридных войн и экономических ограничений как формам их реализации. Указывается на безальтернативность финансирования устойчивого развития и показаны ключевые разделы их будущей теоретической парадигмы. В статье представлены основные положения, выводы и итоги научной дискуссии, состоявшейся в рамках конференции, посвященной 115-летию университета. Выявлены ключевые тренды российского финансового рынка в целом и его сегментов: банковского, фондового, страхового, поскольку они связаны с платформенной экономикой, цифровыми финансовыми технологиями и зеленым движением к устойчивому развитию. Инвестиционные зеленые корпоративные стратегии, нефинансовая публичная отчетность компаний, занимающихся вопросами климата, развития инфраструктуры и институциональных структур рынка зеленых финансов была выделена как наиболее важные. В соответствии со спецификой и преимуществами зеленых финансов, банковского дела, страхования, инвестиций и экосистем финансового рынка показаны их риски и механизмы их минимизации. Показаны основные препятствия на пути развития «зеленой» экономики на российском финансовом рынке, показаны различия между отечественной и зарубежной практикой в этой области. инвестиции и экосистемы финансового рынка продемонстрированы их риски и механизмы их минимизации. Показаны основные препятствия на пути развития «зеленой» экономики на российском финансовом рынке, показаны различия между отечественной и зарубежной практикой в этой области. инвестиции и экосистемы финансового рынка продемонстрированы их риски и механизмы их минимизации. Показаны основные препятствия на пути развития «зеленой» экономики на российском финансовом рынке, показаны различия между отечественной и зарубежной практикой в этой области.

The positive impact of motivating tariffs on the development of renewable energy sources (RES) was confirmed by numerous empiric research. Similar impact of competition on electric power market has not been adequately studied. Current research shows the influence of competition on electric power market not only on the development of generation based on RES, but on the development of technologies of RES-generation and efficiency of relative mechanisms of state support. At the same time it should be mentioned that findings of research are not dubious.  By analyzing literature the author formulated a hypothesis about growing impact of motivating tariffs on RES development with higher competition on electric power market. To verify the hypothesis the author used information about an increase in capacity of wind and solar power stations (WPS and SPS) per capita of the population in OECD country-members in 2000–2018 as key drivers of RES development in the region. Findings of the research show that in OECD country-members with higher competition on electric power market the impact of motivating tariffs on the growth in WPS and SPS capacity was much higher. 

The high level of inter-regional social and economic inequality of population incomes forms one of major problems of the space development of the Russian Federation. This situation promotes social tension and hinders economic growth in the country. The article analyzes the current standing of the inter-regional inequality in the Russian Federation by a number of key indicators characterizing population incomes and estimates dynamics of inequality changes in entities of the Russian Federation within the period of 2000–2020. Findings of the analysis prove that inter-regional differentiation of entities of the Russian Federation by the level of population incomes from 2000 to 2020 dropped in more than 1.5 times. The current level of differentiation is not considerable and the sample of Russian Federation entities by this criterion can be called homogeneous. All calculations were made with necessary adjustment of the nominal level of incomes to the regional level of prices.

The article carried out correlation analysis of gross regional product and figures of regional economy industries, including analysis of correlation with the time lag. The authors found out that there is a correlation between separate industries of regional economy and gross regional product, however, it is not statistically important for the majority of indicators. The Granger causation test did not show a stable interconnection between the said indicators either. According to the authors, the mentioned correlation can be explained by the Geks – Krevosier matrix. A conclusion was drawn that in the current situation caused by different factors, including COVID-19 pandemic, it is more reasonable to re-orient regional economy to local people needs and the development of service sectors. Disclosed low rates of convergence in regions, which are members of the Central Federal Area of Russia, can be useful for reorientation of macro-economic policy to partial autonomization of regional economy. 

The topicality of researching specific features of migration processes on the territory of the Russian Federation deals with the rising role of economic security in providing strategic priorities of states in the period of growing tension in the world. Apart from that, such factors as unfavorable demographic situation, changes in the age structure of the population, adverse trends on labour market of many regions, shortage of labour, etc. become more and more important. It increases academic and practical interest in researching migration processes on different territorial levels, including the sphere of national and economic security. The Decree of the President of the Russian Federation N 208 dated May 13, 2017 ‘Concerning Strategy of Economic Security in the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2030’ defined optimization of labour migration flows based on needs of national economy as one of key objectives of realizing the trend dealing with the development of state governance system, forecasting and strategic planning in economy.  This document among indicators characterizing economic security focuses on the tension factor on labour market, the share of employable people in the total population and distribution of those employed by the level of education. The Degree of the President of the Russian Federation N 400 dated July 2, 2021 ‘Concerning Strategy of National Security of the Russian Federation’ points out that attaining goals of economic security of the Russian Federation is realized by solution of such important problems as cutting differentiation of entities of the Russian Federation by the level and rate of social and economic development, standard of living, motivating the development of economic potential in regions, strengthening of their budget support. Migration processes are included in the zone of such problem solution. They can cause even higher territorial differentiation in regions, a drop in the standard of life or, on the contrary, reduce territorial inequality and improve space development of the country. In view of national and economic security external migration is more important, as it influences many social and economic aspects taking place in the country. But whether migration processes inside the country can affect economic security of Russia is still a debatable issue.

The article proposes to split the results obtained by implementing investment policy of the regional level into direct and indirect ones. The direct results are connected with investment inflow into regional economy and impact different aspects of social and economic development of the territory, they cover indicators of investment activity, economic growth and technological development as well as figures showing standard of living and quality of life of the population. The indirect results of implementing regional investment policy are caused by direct results and have a certain interconnection with the volume of investment into fixed capital. The Urals Federal Area acted as an object of the analysis. To estimate the dynamics of the regional investment policy results the average annual rate of relevant indicator growth was calculated. According to the analysis interpretation, the best results for direct figures were reached in the Tyumen region without autonomous districts and the Sverdlovsk region, the worst ones – in autonomous districts. The best results for indirect indicators were attained in the Yamalo-Nenetskiy autonomous district and the Kurgan region, the worst ones – in the Khanty-Mansiyskiy autonomous district. Finally, a conclusion was drawn concerning causes of the situation and recommendations dealing with further investment development of the Urals Federal Area were compiled. Topicality of this subject defined the goal of the article, i. e. analyzing the dynamics of indicator system showing results of implementing regional investment policy in general and investment activity in particular. Such academic methods as analysis, synthesis, comparison and summarizing of scientific information were used in the article.

The article studies an acute issue of university development, in particular the Russian Plekhanov University of Economics, in the context of participation in the contest of universities claiming leadership in working out new academic knowledge, technologies and innovation to be introduced in Russian economy and social sphere under the program of strategic academic leadership ‘Priority 2030’. Restructuring of the current organizational structure of governing educational and academic work acts as a fundamental trend providing implementation of the new strategic program of university development meeting the principles of ‘Priority-2030‘. After a long period of splitting education and science by vertical lines of the predominant linear-functional model, today restructuring implies their integration on the basis of a new strategic unit, i. e. higher school. Concrete advantages of higher school as a new strong point in the system of university governance were demonstrated in comparison with faculties and chairs and hyper-faculties or departments in other universities. A project mechanism of education program management was put forward, which leans on its academic leader. The authors formulated the algorithm of building the academic and educational potential of university and developed a principle scheme of the university educational and academic platform organization, illustrated by the subject field ‘Economic and Management’. 

The concept of balanced interaction of society and nature as the foundation of sustainable development of the world was built on the basis of researching the current trends of evolution of ecological tool management, studying theoretical principles of enterprise management as an ecological-economic system, practical experience of carrying out environment protection work. Target strategic landmarks, factors, limits and border conditions of their attainment and trends of implementation were identified. The specificity of this concept of balanced interaction of society and nature as the basis of sustainable development of the world means implementation of the complex plan of environment protection measures within the frames of ecological-economic policy of the enterprise (on the microlevel) and on the level of national economies (on the global level) aimed at preservation, restoration and increase in environment capital according to the level of adverse impact on nature. Fundamental provisions of the concept should be based on technologies of optimizing modeling of forecast processes and foresight thinking, which identify potentially risky phenomena and threats arising in the space and threatening life on the planet. The author’s fundamental provisions of the concept of balanced interaction of society and nature as a basis of sustainable development of the world are acute not only for Russia but for national economies all over the world. The authors show hope and interest in proliferation of provisions of the given concept under the UN auspices. 

The article studies factors affecting the efficiency of interaction between small business and higher education, tools of interaction between business and higher education and identifies problems of non-coordination of business and higher education. The necessity to upgrade infrastructural support of business and higher education interaction was substantiated. The current practices of business and higher education were investigated, which gave an opportunity to come to the conclusion about inefficiency of these ties. Misbalance of labour market, absence of demand for graduates of higher education on regional market and consequently, outflow of young highly-qualified workers show the need to upgrade ways of interaction between business and higher education and to develop the adequate infrastructure. The author grounds the necessity to raise professional competences of business in order to build foundation for the development of innovative forms of entrepreneurship and involvement of young qualified personnel with higher education in their work. Analysis of business and education interaction allows us to improve efficiency of interaction between business and higher education by setting-up the education cluster. Within the frames of the education cluster creating investment appeal of higher education is created.

The article studies the essence of the economic category ‘land-property complex’ in respect to a business entity – enterprise, analyzes theoretical approaches to its management and shows approbation of methodology of strategic management at the agricultural enterprise. Differences between property and land-property complexes were identified and classification of land-property complexes was provided for management. By using PEST-analysis the author estimates the degree of macro-environment impact on management of land-property complex at the agricultural enterprise. The author developed the forecast economic-mathematic model of net present value cost of the land-property complex element, which was adjusted for specificity of agricultural enterprise work. Understanding of the essence of the notion ‘land-property complex’, its characteristic features and elements and adequate application of tools of strategic management allow us to resolve problems in this field in accounting and governance. In this research the author used such academic methods and cognition principles as analysis, synthesis, systemacity, comparison, economic and mathematic modeling.

The article studies issues dealing with one of the most popular trends of supporting business in crisis, i. e. collaboration. Corona-virus pandemic motivated executives to develop creative potential of their employees, to extend horizons of functioning and to start new projects. Collaborations became a popular way of searching for ideas aimed at supporting business. As a rule, companies of different industries participate in collaborations. Each of these companies specializes in certain direction and uses only limited resources, while after integration they get an opportunity to work in new industries. The more participants differ in their functioning and business-models, the more interesting and effective cooperation becomes. The review of collaboration practices founded in Russian business in the current epidemic situation served as a basis of the research. Cooperation with other brands and ability to form effective collaborations, which attract new clients, played a special role in the development of business during the pandemic. Practical experience showed that joint projects helped companies increase profits, attract new audience and step up customer loyalty. These factors gave business an opportunity to stay afloat and partially compensate for losses caused by the pandemic. By amalgamating finance, human and information resources collaboration participants became successful with limited costs. To set a goal and choose a partner was essential.

Trends and ways of providing competitive sustainability of trade-food companies that are adequate to the current social and economic situation on the market make up the most acute goal of research aiming at their immediate implementation by business. Provision of competitive sustainability should touch upon all spheres of trade-food company work: from the product range, shaping and promoting the offer to rendering the required services and further servicing. This process is an integral part of the proposed new model to be implemented by participants of food market on the basis of principles relevant to today’s conditions. First of all it is building up of competitive behavior on market based on systemacity, reliability, flexibility; attraction of a great deal of customers based on service, feedback; increase in profits based on principles of optimization, efficiency; growth in the market share based on computerization, high automation of processes, integration, etc. And the key factor of success on food market is the ability of participants to increase market cover, customers, receipts and profits with cost cutting.  The article studies theoretical foundations of competitive sustainability of trade-food companies; analyzes competitiveness of food market of the Russian Federation; puts forward methods of providing competitive sustainability of trade-food companies.

The article studies views of customers on the vending system in social catering – students and employees of a big economics university. It found out criteria/conditions of vending machine functioning, advantages and disadvantages of the automated system of selling food and drinks. The authors formulated recommendations aimed at upgrading the vending system of servicing in conditions of complicated economic situation, COVID-19 pandemic and restructuring of the catering system. It is reasonable to propose diversification of the product range, new market positions (for instance, snacks for healthy nutrition), search for new market segments / niches and so on.  The authors show the need to improve quality control, especially at the stage of income control while purchasing food and products of extra (non-food) range. They provide interesting information about new functions of vending machines, for example, copying units. 

The article investigates new food api-technologies of using non-traditional cheep sources with high content of protein needed to build sustainability of food system. It shows the alternative possibility to use larva raw material of bee origin for the advanced food technology, i. e. api-technology. The authors studied all types of larvae of bee family, however, the most promising ones are drone larvae at the age of 7 to 9 days after their sealing. The paste made of them by pounding to the fine-disperse consistence was dried in vacuum according to specially designed technology, when biologically active matters and bio-polymers were preserved. As a result the api-product ‘Bilar’ was produced with the mass share of protein exceeding 50%. It contains reducing hydrocarbons and high-quality fats. The amino-acid composition of ‘Bilar’ protein fraction includes all independent amino-acids. In the research it was found out that the amounts of lizin, tryptophan and valin in ‘Bilar’ exceed their content in the ideal protein. Fats are presented by 28 high fat acids, which correspond to the formula of balanced nutrition. Apart from that it contains vitamins and mineral substances, bilious acids. The authors proved technological parameters of growing drone larvae on industrial scales and prospects of their use in food production.