Today we can observe the trend of the rising role of knowledge and intangible assets, which is stipulated by the new stage of economic development, i.e. economy of information society. The issue of the information society development is directly connected with technological innovation. The article shows the essence of information society, its principle determining factors, including human capital, innovation potential, informationcommunication infrastructure, information security, information environment, etc. The author analyzes dynamics of these factors in our country and makes international comparisons. It brings us to the conclusion that Russia is lagging behind the world leaders by key indicators. Apart from that, developing economy of information society in our country is mainly identified with the use of information technologies without taking into account social components. It is underlined that the essential role in this process should be attributed to institute of trust. The author puts forward the hypothesis about future changes in economy and society, in production processes and in man himself and proposes a set of steps aimed at intensifying the process of developing economy of information society in the country and discusses the related prospects.

The article studies the issue of identifying business market value in deals on merges and acquisitions, which is connected with identifying the discount rate by using the method of cash flows discounting. During the post-crisis period after 2009 not only Russian value analysts but also overseas ones have been facing this problem. Only now we can observe a sharp increase in the Federal Reserve System rate, though not long ago valuers did not know how to build the discount rate with the negative figures of the interest rate in Europe and its minimum figures in the US. This research investigates the problem from the point of view of behavioral finance. Crisis and prosperous years are analyzed in view of the emotional background, which gives a certain line in shaping the mood of M & A market participants. To solve the problem value assessment was carried out by the method of cash flow discounting of a great number of Russian banks put up for sale and later quantitative methods of finance decision-making were applied for processing numerous findings. The novelty of obtained findings is connected with the fact that today methods of behavioral research are not used in finance practice and in scientific developments in Russia. They are rather limited abroad. Theoretical works, which formed the foundation for the empiric research, were used earlier by foreign scientists at the stock exchange. Such research is a pioneer on the Russian M & A market.

The article grounds the necessity to develop innovation methods of finding mass of dry raw materials. Today serious problems can be faced in production in case it is needed to find the mass of materials stored in storehouses in bulk. The use of tabular values of material density and humidity can decrease the accuracy of results. Available methods of measuring volume and mass of dry materials, such as visual, theoretical calculation, mine-surveyor measurement, laser 2D-scanning, laser 3D-scanning, radiolocation and acoustic scanning were analyzed. Their advantages and disadvantages were shown. The scientific novelty of the work is connected with innovation, highly accurate, automated method of finding mass of dry hydroscopic materials having different density and humidity, which is based on using the equipment for laser 3D-scanning. The authors propose to measure density and humidity of material at different levels of clamp, which can improve the accuracy of results. The article provides calculations proving the efficiency of the method during stock-taking of material resources at the enterprise. The article pays special attention to problems of stock-taking and registration of shortages in accounting and taxation.

The article shows different types of innovation and analyzes the number of technological, organizational and marketing innovation introduced in the Republic of Uzbekistan. When costs of innovation were analyzed it was found out that the principle source of financing innovation enterprises was the country’s own funds, which in 2017 made 2 956.0 bn sums or 71%. The structure of the processing industry was also studied by the degree of technological types of production, where the major share falls on low-technological types of production. Taking into account the importance of highly-technological types of production the necessity of their extension was grounded. Innovation by types of activity was studied, specific features of innovation processes in agriculture were identified and key problems connected with the usage of different types of innovation was summarized and it can bring us to the conclusion that classification of innovation by different criteria can help build the structure and use efficient methods of management corresponding to each type of innovation. The proposed lines in innovation policy could create conditions necessary to intensify innovation processes in different industries and sectors of national economy of Uzbekistan. The research was based on the complex approach to the subject being investigated and used analytical, graphic and monographic methods as well as the logical analysis.

Digital economy provides great opportunities for the development of regional entities in all fields of activity. However, digitalization processes are connected with inevitable problems, uncertainty and risks. Digital economy can create new opportunities for citizens of the Russian Federation, such as getting state services, increasing the level of information openness and accessibility, cutting bureaucratic barriers. The article investigates the key lines in digitalization in the North-West Federal district. It was found out that in all 11 entities of the Federal district necessary legislative acts, strategies and other program documents for digital transformation are available. These documents are aimed at stimulating and developing digital technologies. Digital economy needs competent experts. Thus it is essential to create conditions for personnel training, education system and labour market upgrading. The impact of digital transformation on social and economic processes is obvious, however, a lot of its aspects are still poorly investigated. Academic research pays insufficient attention to digital change influence on innovation activity of regional entities, staff and information security. The article analyzes different criteria affecting the potential development of digital economy and social and economic development of the North-West Federal district. This analysis gave an opportunity to demonstrate prospects of the Federal district further development. The research findings can be used in the process of designing and amending regional strategic programs of developing digital society and as a material for further theoretical and practical research in the field of digital processes development in regional systems.

Lately problems of small towns of our country development have become sport lights of public, bodies of federal executive power and science dealing with issues of national economy. During the last two and a half decades small to wns experienced the hardest depressive effects caused by problems of national economy. It is, for instance, the massive shut-down of enterprises (often town-supporting ones), which turned out to be uncompetitive in comparison with import, unemployment, fast migration of the population to big cities and consequently, a deep infrastructure decline and overall drop in the standard of living. Attempts to solve these problems are taken at different levels (from resolutions by federal executive power to local initiatives), however, they have sporadic nature and in general, do not demonstrate the planned effectiveness. Small towns that possess the status of historic localities of the federal importance face even more serious problems, as sustainable economic development of them is actually impossible. The article studies key causes of such problematic situations’ arising and shows key steps taken by bodies of executive power during the last period in order to resolve these problems. It analyzes complex programs of developing such localities with the use of state-private partnership as a promising method of providing sustainable development of small towns – historic localities. This analysis was made on the basis of the touristrecreation cluster ‘Kasimovskiy’ (Kasimov, Ryzan region).

The article analyzes the interrelation between the level of social and economic development of Russian Federation entities and competitiveness of Russian universities. The information base for this analysis was formed by ratings of social and economic development of Russian Federation entities made by the rating agency ‘RIA Rating’ and the Top-100 of the best universities in Russia according to the rating agencies ‘Expert RA’ and ‘Interfax’. The rise in our universities’ appeal in Russia and abroad is an essential factor fostering social and economic development of our country. The improvement of Russian universities’ positions in international ratings can attract youth from different countries. The authors showed that sustainable social and economic development of Russian Federation entities is connected with the development of the competitive potential of universities located on the territory of these entities. At the same time the opposite statement is also correct: applicants prefer universities situated in big cities with high level of social and economic development rather than cities with low standard of life. Therefore, the authors recommend to intensify state support of Russian universities located in regions with low level of social and economic development and put forward various variants of state support.

Today the quality of human potential and its efficient use are becoming extremely important for successful development of organizations. The necessary condition for this is the development and upgrading of flexible and efficient models of personnel remuneration, which on the basis of balance of social partners’ interests can provide worthy and just reward for employees according to their competences, level of qualification and contribution to attaining goals of organizational development and final results of the company work. However, the effective today systems of labour remuneration cannot always meet these requirements, which cause employees’ dissatisfaction. The article studies theoretical issues of development and transformation of the system of labour remuneration for a certain research object, i.e. corporate organizations. According to the authors, the improvement of corporate system of labour remuneration should be understood as a continuous process of upgrading parameters and characteristics of this system, which reconciles with the strategy of development and goals of operative activity of the company and ensures their achievement. Scientific novelty of the article is connected with authors’ substantiation of process, stakeholders’, risk-oriented and competence approaches to improving the system of labour remuneration as a process of continuous improvement of parameters in the reward model of organization personnel.

The aim of the article is to reveal the idea of the notion ‘entrepreneurial structures’ strategic development’. The author’s approach to this notion investigation is proposed, which uses methods of system analysis and systematization of development criteria. The author designed a three-level model of development criteria based on principles of their dependence and mutual deduction and substantiated the possibility to consider pair categories of quality and quantity, simple and complicated, regress and progress, activity and passivity, efficiency and inefficiency as development criteria. On this foundation the author formed understanding of entrepreneurial structures’ strategic development as a synthetic process of changing their activity and efficiency. According to the author, parameters of activity and efficiency are related to strategic characteristics and their change shows quantitative and qualitative aspects of entrepreneurial structures’ strategic development. It creates prerequisites for grounding assessment indicators characterizing the level and dynamics of activity and efficiency of entrepreneurial structures’ functioning and their integral assessment. The description of the process of entrepreneurial structures’ strategic development on the basis of these indicators can give an opportunity to resolve tasks of monitoring orientation and to raise the level of substantiation and assessment of consequences of strategic managerial decisions.

Healthy nutrition exerts positive impact on quality of life and life span of people laid during the foundation period of the organism in the children and teenage years, i.e. when all children and teenagers go to pre-school and school. The article provides information about catering organization in education institution in certain entities of the Russian Federation. Catering services rendered in the traditional format used in regions were compared with the board format realized in Moscow and St. Petersburg. Positive sides of the traditional system of catering for children and teenagers in education institutions were illustrated by the work of the Podolsk Group of Catering Services and Whole-Retail Sale. The shift to the centralized making food for supply to education institutions and shutting-down their cooking blocks were recognized as inexpedient. It is grounded by a number of restrictions and problems, including excessive unification of food, impossibility to respond quickly to the customers’ needs and increase in the best-before dates of finished food, which can cause a drop in organoleptic characteristics of food. A threatening problem is security of finished culinary produce, whose infringement, according to RBK, led to food intoxication and serious illnesses in children and teenagers. In this connection the work of the Podolsk administration and the Podolsk Group of Catering Services and Whole-Retail Sale dealing with supply of high quality food can be considered as positive experience.

The article analyzed the dynamic of unfinished construction in 1991–2017, whose volume exceeds the annual capital investment directed to construction. It was found out that 2000–2010 were the most effective years, when the number of unfinished projects halved. When unfinished construction grows, big capital investment is withdrawn from economic turnover and the cost of these projects’ finishing goes up. The authors analyzed the reasons for such excessive amounts of unfinished construction (including long-term one) and put forward ideas of their involvement in economic turnover. Two key lines in their realization are proposed: firstly, construction completion or sale of unfinished projects and secondly, prevention of new long-term construction, including projects in housing construction .In respect of the first variant the authors suggest the development of a target program aimed at privatization of projects of unfinished construction (with concrete information about regions), as well as their completion and sale, which will provide an opportunity to get funds necessary to complete other projects or build new ones. To develop such an all-Russian program it is necessary to carry out an overall stock-taking of each project in line with a specific passport characteristic provided in the article and to make an economically grounded decision for each project. As for the second line, a number of possibilities were considered aimed at cutting the number of unfinished projects and prevention of new projects emergence. Special attention is paid to increasing investment activity in the industry, which is based on involvement of unused projects or areas of state and municipal property in economic turnover. It refers mainly to transparency of leasing vacant projects or areas according to fixed contracts and prices.

Furniture-making industry manufacturing consumer goods takes one of the key positions among industries of the timber-merchant complex of the Russian Federation. Russian furniture-making industry after the 1990-s has been developing according to market laws. Dynamic development of furniture-making enterprises meets the requirements of the strategic concept of national economy structural development oriented to priority modernization of production in processing industry segments, including the timber-merchant complex. Correctly chosen strategy of the enterprise functioning in the turbulent environment is essential for its development. On the basis of methods of scientific cognition and system analysis the article studies theoretical approaches to methods of assessing competition stability, which allows us to synthesize the obtained results. Academic concepts of different researchers concerning methodology of assessing competition stability are provided in the article, as well as the author’s opinion and methodology of assessing competition stability. Different academic views are compared, which gives an opportunity to formulate the author’s concept of the research problem. The approach of designing strategy of competition stability provides an opportunity to raise competition stability of furniture-making enterprises in Russia and ensure their economic sustainability and profitability.

The article studies factors affecting seriously the profitability of sports centers. The author designed a system of indicators, which can help assess their social and economic efficiency. It is shown that achievement of high figures of social and economic efficiency of sports infrastructure functioning is possible only by using effective managerial tools. Effectiveness can be estimated by comparison of the obtained effect of a certain type of activity with raised resources. Specificity of the proposed system of indicators is its potential to estimate the efficiency of the current sports centers’ work and at the same time to find negative factors influencing their functioning. Indicators proposed by the author can be used in complex appraisal of centers’ work. The information collected with their help can help identify drawbacks in their operation and, consequently take adequate managerial decisions. In order to analyze satisfaction with services of the sp[orts center it is proposed to use a questionnaire. On the basis of the survey results a formula of assessing the general satisfaction of clients was put forward. The recommended indicators can be used in the complex appraisal of the sports center work.

The article studies conditions of dynamic pricing and marketing policy efficiency on network values market in circumstances of temporary supplier’s monopoly. The research method is economic-mathematic modeling of value cost dependence on the number of its consumers and demand for the value on price. By computer tests possibilities to use dynamic pricing for resolving three objectives are analyzed, they are maximization of net integral discounted profit of network value supplier; minimization of time necessary to reach the project repayment and minimization of time necessary to reach the maximum integral profit. The authors come to the conclusion about the importance of taking into account the peculiarities of network values markets for developing business marketing policy. They substantiate the expediency of using policy of network values differentiation (free provision of simple version of values and sale of extended version) in order to motivate net shaping and to speed up the achievement of project repayment. The economic-mathematic model of shaping network values market was put forward, which differs from existing analogues by more accurate reflection of specific rise in customer cost and shaping demand for these values. The model was used to get answers to two questions: which strategies of pricing can provide better indicators of project quality and whether it is reasonable to motivate demand by providing a free simplified version of value.

The current stage of economy development is characterized by rising interest in marketing problems. One of the most important directions is studying marketing approaches both in the broadest sense and in a narrow one. The author conducted analytical review of academic literature in this direction, researched and summarized overseas and Russian experience. The article shows existing approaches to goods and services promotion and factors affecting this process. On the basis of the analysis a conclusion was drawn that today classic strategies in marketing cannot ensure high efficiency of sales, thus one of the most topical objective of present days business is the search for new marketing approaches. Academic literature analysis showed that new forms of goods and services promotion differed greatly from conventional ones and demonstrate further trend to transformation in conditions of IT technologies development and globalization. Current marketing strategies were discussed, such as crowdsourcing, advergaming, Market Marketing, virus marketing, social mediamarketing. The author shows their key advantages and drawbacks and provides examples of their use from Russian and overseas experience. Prospects of marketing strategies development were provided.

The article studies a well-known integral methodology of estimating company competitiveness. It shows the possibility to use it in practice, in particular for advertising agencies. In order to estimate competitiveness such methods as formalization, comparison, modeling and sociometry were used. The author came to the conclusion about possible application of this methodology for advertising service assessment. Models used earlier for estimation of competitiveness were oriented to the product as a physical object with a number of characteristic s (from compliance with standards to subjective appraisal by customers). Assessment of service competitiveness includes both the attitude to the product (in case service rendering is connected with a physical product) and the attitude to the company that provides the service, which can be positive, if the process of sale/purchase was pleasant or adverse, if not. The author put forward an extended appraisal of features of the whole process of client servicing. In view of its practical application this algorithm can be used both by advertising agencies (market participants) and state bodies controlling competition of the market (such as the Federal Antitrust Service).

This article gives the key points description and results interpretation concerning the performed based on a combined approach study of factors and conceptual foundations of supply chain functioning resilience in understanding context of both practical and research communities. Experts from different organizations and countries were attracted to participate in the study. It gave the opportunity to consider wider variety of attitudes and estimations regarding the spotlighted issues. Basing on the empirical evidence obtained with the help of the combined approach as well as analysis of domestic and foreign scientific publications all four suggested hypotheses connected with the resilience in the sphere of logistics and supply chain management were tested, that ensured the theoretical increment in this area. Along with that the article proves the necessity and introduces the definition of supply chain functioning resilience. Additionally, the group of supply chain resilience factors and its relevant conceptual foundations are identified. The points provided in this article are focused on building theoretical bases of supply chain functioning resilience management. They can also be used in business for a deeper understanding of resilience problems nature in the sphere of logistics.

This article discusses the principle of integrated tourism development, based on three aspects: sustainable tourism, the use of information technology, proper tourism planning. These three principles are integrated and cannot be separated. The article discusses the situation of the Syrian tourism sector in this sector, which for more than 8 years has been experiencing numerous crises and conditions of instability. The article outlines the strategy adopted by the Syrian Ministry of Tourism in order to mitigate the negative impact on the tourism and hospitality sector as a result of instability in the country. The article includes many tourist and hotel statistics that show the results achieved in the tourism sector and hotels in Syria. These results were achieved thanks to the ongoing work of the Syrian Ministry of Tourism in maintaining the location of Syria in the international tourism map. The scientific importance of this article lies in the fact that it serves as an example to follow for any country that may be in conditions of instability and numerous crises. This article explains the importance of tourism planning in order to be able to act in conditions of instability, so the work falls on both the public and the private sector.

In conditions of global competition intensification and use of power tools to pursue economic policy it becomes necessary to substantiate possible strategies of inter-entity interaction on supranational level. Based on the hypothesis of uneven distribution of violence potential among economic entities the author described a model of power re-distribution, which shows in deliberate manipulation of rules and/or mechanisms of compulsion to their observance. The article develops the author’s concept of institutional interventions. They are considered as strategies of inter-entity interaction in global economy. Institutional intervention is a behavior model based on compulsion through fixing (changing) rules. The author identifies methodological foundations, prerequisites and theoretical frames of investigating institutional interventions as a form of involuntary exchange. The author was the first to describe the situation of forced balance characterized by the fact that further use of power potential can cause a drop in legitimacy and growth in control costs for invader, while resistance of the intervention object to established institutional order can cause a rise in disobedience costs. Apart from that the article grounded a thesis that for the forced balance it is not typical to distribute the gain of interaction like with voluntary exchange, it is typical to come to an agreement concerning the level of victim’s tolerance (maximum costs, which the victim is ready to endure) and a threshold (minimum possible) value of invader legitimacy. As landmarks for assessing the deviations from balance levels of stability and legitimacy of institutional design were proposed. A generalized mechanism for institutional intervention realization was developed.

The article studies the category of risk caused by uncertainty of external and internal environment, which exists in the work of any organization during its life cycle. The author analyzes the hypothesis that understanding risk not only as a threat but also as an opportunity has a great potential for the development of the enterprise. The idea and use of the uncertainty factor are discussed from the point of view of prospects of raising the organization efficiency. Specific features of the process of decision-making in uncertainty conditions are identified. Special attention is paid to the impact of subjective parameters on the process of risk management, including individual characteristics of people responsible for decision -making in conditions of risk, such as the desire to reach success and wish to avoid failure, personal attitude to risk, inclination to team or individual decision-making, a degree of responsibility, etc. In conclusion the author proves the idea that risk itself is not a hazard for the organization but an assessment of possibility to attain the result corresponding to the goal, including a positive one.