The obligatory component and precondition for society development is improvement of higher education, which can ensure its mass accessible nature and decrease in education cost. The article shows the development of this field that fosters technological progress, which on the current stage can lead to a new way of education, i.e. the model of e-higher education. The principle feature of e-education is the absence of the university as a center training organization. University authorities in the field of training are delegated, first of all to the state foundation of e-training courses of higher education and to the methodological center that develops the procedure of obtaining different forms of higher education on the basis of mastering the prescribed programs of training courses by the student. The author came to the conclusion that passing over to the non-university model of education is connected with new risks both in the field of higher education organization and related spheres, as it could affect employment of university employees. Labour market tension is increasing due to the trend of combining educational and labour processes by today’s youth. Lower costs and higher productivity can win on the market, thus cheaper for society model of higher education would have higher chances of gaining a certain niche of education service market.  

The article explains the necessity to transform monetary and credit policy as a result of creative, expedient, professionally orientated work of individual, professional community and national elite. Real economy and finance economy differ, they are dialectically interconnected and form respective basic systems. Sustainable functioning of economic and finance systems provides the foundation of social and cultural development and rise in nation welfare. The top management of the Bank of Russia, as a monetary authority, demonstrates its misunderstanding of the fact that it accepts initially conflicting postulates and later transforms them in concrete tools of pursuing monetary and credit policy. In the chain of historical events we can observe a line of causeandeffect relations, which predetermine historical process inevitability. What happened belongs to the past. However, it is necessary to draw conclusions by analyzing the historical experience, first of all it is essential for monetary authority, managerial, political, academic elite in order to understand the necessity of a new paradigm and to develop the concept of monetary and credit policy of Russia, which would comply with today’s realities, with complicated geo-political and geo-economic processes and would target at protection and guarantee of stability of the ruble, national finance system and national security.  

At the age of fast development of science and progress the topic of innovation arising and being introduced in science and practical life is extremely acute in society. In spite of the fact that the term ‘innovation’ has been used for a long time already showing the novelty of the phenomenon (for instance, discovery, invention), today, according to the author, a lot of experts and scientists have no common opinion about the essence of the innovation notion. By analyzing the existing definitions of the term ‘innovation’ the author shows that even today’s academics studying the same quotations, views, definitions and arguments in the field of innovation essence and importance, finding positive and negative characteristics of each approach to the innovation definition usually come to different assessments. The author proposes to introduce the unique definition of this notion, as it could make the idea of innovation more concrete and at the same time specify their goals and classification, improve their assessment and importance in today’s progressive, competitive social and economic development of society and country as a whole.  

The article describes conditions of spatial development of Russian regions in view of ‘The Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation up to 2025’ adopted in February 2019. Today the social and economic development of regions has technogeneous character. The anthropogenic impact on nature and climate is increasing, the quality of mineral resources is deteriorating. In this connection ecologic-economic balance becomes an important component of spatial development. The authors provide systematization of factors determining the spatial economic development at the level of regions, including ecological restrictions. During the research they used general academic methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis, scientific abstraction, synthesis and comparison. The current ecologic-economic restrictions for regions with unique natural systems and objects were identified and studied. Focus was made on particularly protected natural territories, which form the basis of ecological framework of regions. Principle groups of factors of spatial development were identified and ecologic-economic restrictions of regional development were described by using two big federal districts – the Republic of Buryatia and the Altay Territory. The authors put forward the lines of spatial development of regional economies with regard to ecological restrictions.  

The article shows results of marketing diagnosing of the migration flow development in 5 more or less developed countries of the world: Russia, the US, Canada, Mexico and Argentine. The authors studied and demonstrated the dependence of these countries on certain factors, which affect the level of population quality of life. Migration provides junction of mineral resources split by continents, countries and regions within countries and means of production with labour, it promotes meeting of population’s needs in jobs, housing, means of subsistence, social and professional mobility, changing social status and other characteristics of people life. By using statistic and comparative methods of research (correlative analysis, forecast, trend modeling) the authors managed to confirm or refute different hypotheses about labour migration development. They studied world ratings of countries by the level of expected life span, GDP per capita, weakness of states, unemployment, innovation development, competitiveness. By using the Russian Federation as an example the authors showed key challenges and advantages of migration flow. On the basis of the research recommendations dealing with improvement of migration climate in the Russian Federation were designed.  

The article provides a brief review of causes and principles affecting formation of new approaches to forecasting the Russian economy’s need in qualified personnel in conditions of digitalization. The most important strategic goal of personnel supply to industries in the region is meeting the labour market needs in balanced in quality and quantity staff that would be able to foster the regional economy development and its transfer to the digital model. The authors put forward the enlarged scheme of passing-over to the digital model of development on the basis of the concept of forecasting economy’s need in highly-qualified personnel. Simultaneous use of several approaches and taking into account the system-forming principles could provide an opportunity to estimate the annual extra staff need mainly in the long-term perspective with regard to specification by different types of economic activity and specialization. The authors analyzed the normative-legal base to design the concept and took into account the overseas experience, which could form the foundation for steps aimed at educational sphere regulation and for developing the pool and list of educational programs.  

The article studies the issue of investment appeal of Russian corporate organizations, political, legal, economic and social factors of external environment in the Russian Federation. It analyzes the internal environment of Russian companies and specific features of investment activity of Russian and foreign companies, as well as principles and recommendations of international organizations of economic cooperation and development, European associations of stock brokers and European shareholders and shows their potential use in Russian companies. The authors estimate the degree of compliance of the system of corporate management and corporate social responsibility in Russian companies with principles of justice, responsibility, accounting and transparency. They study processes of developing corporate strategies in Russian companies, practice of building vertically-integrated companies, horizontal and conglomerate integration processes. As a result of researching the investment climate and economic sustainability of Russian companies the authors prepared recommendations aimed at strengthening the ties between companies and investors on the basis of the system of corporate management in the aspect of managerial practice standardization, accounting consolidation in accordance with international standards and others. Restructuring the system of corporate management in company is essential in order to improve the company predictability for investors and to cut risks in investment.  

The article provides key characteristics of standard methods of machine-aided training used by companies in operative business processes. Within the frames of home orientation to the innovation business development, digital economy and infrastructure for data storage the human factor becomes essential. The use of methods of artificial intellect by employees of small enterprises faces obstacles that imply personnel ignorance concerning strategic functionality of available today algorithms of business processes. Small commercial enterprises encounter the problem that they do not know the key instrumental principles of functioning and use of machine-aided training algorithms. At the same time business processes of the enterprise could be seriously improved through implementing algorithms of machine-aided training. The authors conducted a formal and analytical review of potential means for small business optimization. They described types of algorithms and models of machine-aided training, such as multiple regressive model, logistic regression, etc., as well as instrumental problems of their use by enterprise analysts and developers. Recommendations were prepared aimed at use of these models in order to raise the efficiency of small commercial enterprises.  

The article deals with the possibility to use historical experience of pre-revolutionary Russia to develop state policy in the migration sphere. During centuries of multinational and multicultural society formation a vast and unique integration experience was acquired. It promoted unity and integrity of the country, its development and geo-political interests. In general policy of Russian empire demonstrated consistency in resolving problems of home and foreign migration, clear understanding of goals aimed at ensuring country’s interests. The effective state system gave an opportunity to help migrants, to control their stay, to regulate migration flows, to provide differentiated approach to various categories of foreigners and internally displaced persons. Today’s migration policy in Russia is more complicated as we have an ineffective system of social and cultural adaptation and integration of foreign migrants, which requires serious optimization and building the centralized infrastructure. The objective and critical interpretation of home experience of the past carried out by the author could enrich academic support of migration policy at the current stage and create the efficient system of migrants’ inclusion in the host society.  

The home oil and gas complex plays an important role in Russian economy. The article deals with finding the key trends in the development of oil and gas complex and analyzing the acute challenges facing oil and gas enterprises. The authors came to the conclusion that in today’s conditions the oil and gas complex encounters severe competition on global market due to high volatility of oil prices and growth in extraction cost. The complicated macro-economic situation caused the shortage of finance. In the coming decade the distribution of different power resource consumption will considerably change. To secure their competitiveness enterprises of the oil and gas complex should revise strategies of positioning on power resource market. The authors propose to use three possible ways of developing oil and gas companies: to extract mineral resources at max rate, to diversify, to start development of renewable sources of power. Irrespective of the selected way of development oil and gas companies should watch closely the three important aspects: reforming the portfolio structure focusing on strengths and new fields of growth, introducing digital technologies and attracting competent experts.  

Digitalization with methods of artificial intellect, computer technologies and digital platforms in Russian business and organization management today is becoming a reality. The article studies key components of the organization management system and their digital transformation. Transformation of management systems in digital economy implies their implementation on the digital platform. The authors underline such key elements of the management system as the object and subject of management. Such notions as vision, mission, goals, values of the organization, its managerial decisions, management processes, organizational structures management, mechanisms and technologies of management, strategy, activity regulations, indicators of activity estimation, risks were defined. The authors analyzed and presented different definitions of the notion ‘digital platform’, which were formulated by experts of MIT company, ‘Rostelecom’ and in the program ‘Digital Economy of the Russian Federation’. Digital transformation of the management system was described in detail, it includes introduction of digital doubles, designing digital strategy of organization development, digital risk management, making managerial decisions on-line. Company owners and managers can get information about business on-line by mobile devices and employees can see goals, indicators and objectives, their deadlines and final result. The article shows the efficiency of using the common digital platform ensuring implementation of the development strategy of the selected business-model and carrying out digital transformation of business.  

After adopting the federal law ‘About Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation’ strategic planning in the country was investigated. Methodological foundation of setting goals, fixing horizons of strategic planning was shaped by works of overseas and home experts in the field of institutional construction, system -genetics, structural analysis, quantitative modeling. The authors researched ideas about national development put forward by followers of liberal logics of step-by-step social engineering and representatives of historicism doctrine of theological planning of public development and showed possibilities of their combination. Disadvantages in public spheres of state activities dealing with forecasting, planning, programming and resource supply for the development, which are understood as elements of strategic planning were analyzed. The authors studied objective contradictions and risks in home practice of strategic planning and substantiated the necessity to upgrade institute of state programs in the Russian Federation. They rejected the dominance of once-only assignments and decisions in favour of documents of strategic planning. The method of finding optimum values for income distribution of the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation by levels of budget system was put forward. The three-level budget system of the country is considered as institute, instrument and resource source of strategic planning. The hypothesis about possibility to reach the optimum structure of budget system, which could create conditions for including sub-national bodies of power in implementation of national projects was substantiated.  

The article analyzes global and Russian market of e-advertising and trends in its development. E-commerce market in Russia can grow to 3.491 trillion rubles by the end 2023. The increase in on-line purchase frequency and number of buyers takes place due to effective on-line marketing, whose expenses in 2017 exceeded expenses on TV commercials. In Russia there are no rules (and restrictions) concerning on-line adverts placement. It could lead to the fact that the number of adverts surpasses the volume of meaningful information. The notion of on-line advertising in the Russian Federation is limited by the general idea of advertisement, while in many countries its specific definition is put forward in order to provide an opportunity to advance special requirement to it. One problem of on-line advertising is a great amount of spam interfering both with the customer and business-communities as a result of dropping confidence of buyers. Russia is included in five most active span distributors. Today spam makes over 60% of all incoming correspondence in public mail services of the Russian segment of the Internet. The authors propose to upgrade Russian legislation and direct it to spam regulation, which could protect customers’ rights and raise their confidence to e-commerce and to development and adoption of special guiding principles that would explain ways of using laws concerning adverts in the Internet.  

In view of global changes that took place in the last decade in consumer behavior, competition rate and economy in general conditions of doing business are changing. Trade organizations have to search for new ways of raising efficiency in their economic activity. The article analyzes the fast growing internet-trade market. It studies the practice of introducing category management methodology in the internetshop, which works on pets’ goods market of the Ural federal district. During the research the following methods were used: system approach, comparative analysis, synthesis, economic modeling, as well as empiric and expert-analytical and statistic methods of economic analysis. The author prepared recommendations aimed at improvement of product range policy and demonstrated a great potential of the internet-shop, which could help develop strategy and tactics of product sub-categories being analyzed and forecast planned economic indicators. The present research is important for Russian trade companies, especially of the regional level. The author came to the conclusion that in case of adequate planning and product range management category management would provide an opportunity to improve economic figures of the company. Competitiveness of the company could be raised at the expense of meeting customers’ needs taking into account their requests and expectations.  

In all spheres business experts try to raise competitiveness of the company by different ways, for instance at the expense of more efficient redistribution of available resources (costs). Objectives connected with modeling and optimizing resources used in advertising are becoming the most topical. Deeper knowledge in planning and conducting any marketing and advertising campaigns are in demand today among many specialists. The process of searching for and finding optimum costs of advertising in the Internet as a factor of the rise in the company sustainability can be successfully shaped through universal matrix methods of solution (e.g. simplex-method). Objectives which cannot be resolved by this method can be supplemented by such economic indicators, as profitability of investment and return on one ruble. The article summarizes the instrumental base dealing with estimating the efficiency of events connected with customer attraction to such a fast growing industry as internet-services. The author proposes besides traditional ways of expense optimization to take into account economic indicators connected with profitability of each sale channel. The following tools were used in the research: modeling, induction method, investment analysis, methods of statistics and formal logics, multi-criteria optimization, specific software meant for solving similar tasks, in particular special macros for excel table.  

Introduction of digital technologies causes transformation of all mechanisms of enterprise management. On the basis of processing and systematization of theoretical and practical and applied works by Russian and overseas researchers and reports of official statistics the authors study specific features of the process of ensuring economic security (ES) in conditions of digitalization, analyze and systematize the lines in its development and show ways of further upgrading. The lines in developing mechanisms of ES ensuring lie in the field of available tools, methods of risk estimation and threat identification, indicators and coefficients of the economic security level, supporting subsystems, including personnel, legal, informational and managerial systems. Upgrading the system of risk estimation can be carried out in view of criteria of their identification. Within the frames of the research the authors showed specific risks of economic security arising in the process of digitalization of company management: inadequacy of digital infrastructure, insufficiency of digital tools, undeveloped digital competences. The principle internal risks of economic security are misunderstanding of digital transformation concept at the top management level and the gap in digital development of employees. The authors think that improvement of mechanisms of the enterprise ES is connected with raising the level of technical, informational and program support, the level of employees’ competences.  

Today when Russian economy is passing over to the market way of development, new objects are involved in trade and cash relations and the role of money is rising analysis of problems dealing with household economic security guarantee acquires extreme importance. It is defined as a situation, when conditions of living interest protection are secured, the system of social development and social protection of personality and family is guaranteed. The article provides the author’s classification of key elements of household economic security, threats to its different types are identified and the level of economic protection of households in the Ivanovo region and a number of adjoining regions (Vladimir, Kostroma, Yaroslavl’) is estimated on the basis of principle social indicators. Figures of human potential reproduction in Ivanovo, Vladimir, Kostroma, Yaroslavl’ regions were analyzed and compared with the average Russian and critical (threshold) values. The author underlined the active role of households in ensuring and strengthening their economic security. The key direction of their efforts today should become efficient management of their own economic security and investment into it. The article puts forward an idea to organize on mass media sites popularization of relevant economic behavior, where scientists and practical specialists in the field of economic security can take part.  

The article analyzes damage caused by attacking finance organizations in the Russian Federation through activization of hacker groups. The mentioned attacks were mainly directed at banking cards’ processing, cash machines and the SWIFT system, an international system of transmitting finance information and payments. The growth in hacker penetrations can be seen in all sectors of Russian economy, it is based on informational confrontation and aims at destabilization of considerable objects of critical information infrastructure. Today special attention is paid to attacks of hacker groups, which get financing from states and criminal groupings in order to exert influence on the leading banks of the world. The author investigated the key methods of attacks of finance organizations. The role of the Federal service on technical and export control and the Department of information security of the Bank of Russia was described. By assessing the impact of computer attacks the author came to the conclusion that the Russian banking sector is vulnerable to computer attacks on informational systems that could cause damage not only to small but also big credit organizations, which possess over 60% of the Russian banking sector assets.