The article studies issues of transforming the institution of state in today’s conditions. Special attention is paid to the following questions: characteristic features of state as a specific social and economic institution; immanent contradictions of the institution; lines in state development in conditions of world economic ties globalization; digitalization of the communication system and ecological interdependence. The given approach to research is characterized by its focus on economic aspects of current changes. The goal of the article is to find out key spots of mutual impact of state and economic system. The authors discuss such problems as reshaping the system of contacts inside state and among them, the role of state in controlling key resources, dubious nature of state as an institution, watering state borders, citizenship in conditions of cosmopolitanism, feasibility of such form of public life organization as people’s rule, the role of culture in forming and retaining the institution of state, the impact of pandemia on evolution of interstate relations. Co-authors’ opinions are not always the same, however, they adhere to the common approach to researching the phenomenon of state as a developing and transforming institution. The article was written on the basis of materials of the seminar held in the Central Institute of Economics and Mathematics RAN within the frames of the ‘Makarov’s Gathering’ Club.

Digital-marketing market is growing exponentially. There are a lot of services, platforms and technologies that are used for business promotion. While 10 years ago only Google and Facebook were available, today we can see thousands of various solutions. Analysts forecast transit of all industries to digital space. Changes in behavioral skills of customer finance services and growing competitive pressure on the part of start-ups ruin conventional business-models and induce us to develop new strategies. Therefore banks and other regulated finance intermediaries try, with due regard to their budgets, to master as quickly as possible innovations in the field of finance technologies and alter formats of client service. A typical feature of today’s society development is increasing innovation of all spheres of human activity. For example, now we can observe break-through innovation in technology, which changes not only technical and technological foundations of economy but drastically influence different processes in the social sphere. Researching credit strategies within the frames of economic behavior of the population is connected mainly with studying the grounds, key trends and consequences of individuals’ operations on finance service market. The article investigates specific features of Russian citizens’ behavior in the segment of mortgage crediting and auto-crediting, analyzes figures of banks in crediting individuals and shows risks of repayment delay. The authors systematized key concepts of regulating credit and finance markets, which is needed for the process of designing the effective regulatory model that takes into account specific features of markets. The findings of the research can be used in assessing the efficiency and improvements in international coordination of national regulators on finance markets.

The article deals with a brand new concept of methodology of designing (developing) the system of internal bank control. The authors use the system paradigm as a basic, key principle of methodology of designing and developing the system of internal bank control. The bank is considered as a complicated social and economic system that consists of structural components – functional bank sub-systems, which form in their integrated unity a new quality, i.e. deposit-credit institution. The second key component of this methodology is the principle of system-functioning organization based on the idea that each institutional component of the system (internal structural-functional bank divisions: services, departments, boars) should be provided with necessary and sufficient set of specific functions. The third key component of this methodology is the principle, a special system requirement: the system of internal bank control is supposed to perform a key function, i.e. to ensure feedback in the system. Availability of feedback in any system is a necessary condition of the system functioning. This requirement is especially important for mandeveloped artificial social and economic systems. Adequate performance of this function provides sustainability of the system in time. Optimal performance of the feedback function by the system of internal bank control is dominant, a quality characteristic of the system. Within the frames of the system paradigm key functions of 4 basic types of social and economic systems (4 substances), such as: object, environment, process and project. The authors pay special attention to these key functions. The function of object systems is organization of various elements in an integrated whole. The function of environment systems is communications and coordination, creating conditions for exchange among different system components. The function of process systems is harmonization of work and standing of these and those fixed environment or objects and their groups. The function of event (project) systems is innovative transformation, serious alteration of other types of social and economic systems. The authors think that availability (projection) and system realization of key functions of all 4 types of systems revealed through functional concept of the bank provide the process of sustainable and efficient functioning of the bank as an organizational and economic system.

The article studies the current economic situation in Russia: problems of economy development, the role of stateowned corporations and small and medium business in economy, problems of their interaction and key lines in development in the near future. The structure of domestic product of the country was described, as well as the role of certain industries of business in its formation. The chief goal of state is to re-orientate from resource-mining to resource – processing, which complies with the concept of added value and shall ensure the sustainable development of economic growth. The authors come to the conclusion that only interaction of big, medium and small business in the country can provide certain success in development, that human factor, interest of workers in results of enterprise work can become a decisive factor on the current stage. Key vectors of economy development in Russia have been identified. It was underlined that state must become an important regulator of market processes in the country. Today Russia must choose its future strategy: it can be either an inertial way of neo-liberal reforms and degrading of scientific potential or mobilization of intellectual resources to restructure economy on principles of developed market with the leading role of state.

Eurobonds are one of the key instruments of international corporate financing. The article studies Eurobond market as a source of raising cash by Russian corporations and finance institutions. It provides structural parameters of Eurobonds and depicts types of securities available on debt market for Russian issuers (issues with one or several tranches, benchmark issues). The author analyzes results of Russian issuers’ flotation, including high activity on Eurobond market of exporting companies and successful flotation of ruble Eurobonds. The article studies transaction aspects of Eurobonds market: the role of principle participants of the deal (leading managers, global coordinators, book-runners) and key stages of the security flotation process (getting the credit rating, preparation of legal papers, syndication and marketing on market). It makes a comparative analysis of key instruments of raising finance by Russian borrowers on international markets of debt capital – Eurobonds and syndicated credits. These instruments both compete and supplement each other, which was proven by using the combination of Eurobonds and syndicated credits by leading borrowers. The article comes to the conclusion that combined use of these debt instruments for solving a wide range of finance problems is optimal for corporate capital structure and finance institutions.

Today the issue of shaping the human capital necessary for economy of knowledge is not only a topic of theoretical discussion, as it has become a leader in the global agenda of social and economic development. The leading countries consider human capital as the most important source of development, because in current situation it can speed up social and economic development, as well as competitiveness of state. The article shows topicality of the digital component of human capital and provides goals of developing human capital included in strategies of social and economic development of several regions of Russia. It also gives information about digital skills of the Russian population and some European countries. The structure of unemployed with different level of education in Russian regions is shown in dynamics. The authors prepared recommendations concerning competences necessary for economy of knowledge and for shaping infrastructure of regional systems of professional education.

The article considers theoretical and methodological approaches to the use of benchmarking as an innovative tool in the management of an educational organization. The development of methods and tools for managing the development and competitiveness of an educational organization in the global space is based on systemic, operational, competent and situational methodological approaches; on the methodology of interactive, understanding and interpretative sociology; methodologies of synergy, network thinking and social management, modal analysis. The study found that benchmarking is the most appropriate way to improve the work of the educational organization, which is a process of constantly measuring and comparing the methods and results of the work of the organization, its individual divisions, functions, processes with organizations chosen for imitation. The author presents the results of the study of the forms of benchmarking, conducted a review of research on its application by educational organizations of higher education in Russia, presented a detailed analysis of the main stages of its implementation in relation to the specifics of the activities of the educational organization, visualized a set of types of benchmarking by classification groups.

The article investigates the structure of regional economic policy in historical context, from first years of market economy development in Russia to the current period of passing-over to digital economy. On the basis of dialectical method, system approach, practical analytical instruments, method of experts’ estimation reasons and consequences of evolution changes in regional economic policy were analyzed. Factors influencing the nature of social and economic processes on sub-national level were studied. The article shows today’s trends of space development characterized by the objective global process of raising the role of agglomeration in speeding-up economic growth, increasing labour productivity, incomes and standard of living of the population. Long-term prospects of development and functioning of rural territories were not evaluated adequately, though they play one of the key roles in growing geo-political influence of Russia in the world. Detail study of the theoretical base of regional economics allowed us to substantiate the issue of shifting the focus in managing the territorial development to macro-regional level and in this connection to renew instruments used for analytical purposes. By analyzing the home practice of state regulation a conclusion was drawn about the necessity to set up a specialized state structure for observing the process of strengthening the role of macro-regions and efficiency of shaping the adequate bodies of power to manage the space social and economic development.

On earlier stages of Russian economy establishment and development different institutional forms were built, which fostered social and economic development of territories, raising investment, attracting new technologies aimed at producing goods with high added value and cutting unemployment. The article discusses issues of special economic zone (SEZ), characterized as technical-introductory, and their impact on economic development of regions of their location. The efficiency of SEZ work was analyzed according to methodology approved by the Government of the Russian Federation. Statistics on key social and economic figures of regions proves the efficiency of SEZ work and their positive contribution to the territory development. A conclusion was drawn that SEZ in the near future can become key economic centers, which could integrate companies – SEZ residents by the cluster type and characterize the industry specialization of the region and at the same time could become a mighty stimulus for social and economic development of adjoining territories. Investment plans of companies – residents in the region and industry specialization of key companies and clusters on territories will start a new stage of building the efficient work aimed at complex SEZ development.

Mechanisms of developing tourism on the regional level are numerous and they can be systematized by different characteristics. However, it is better to give a general view of the system of such mechanisms through classical management functions that include analysis, planning, organization, realization and control. Management of tourism development on the regional level is carried out within the frames of the mentioned classical functions of management theory. At the same time management of tourism development on the regional level is characterized by special features of each function due to the fact that actually all these functions are performed by structural divisions of the public apparatus represented by executive bodies of regional authority. Through fundamental functions of the theory of management the article provides recommendations aimed at upgrading the present mechanisms of managing social and economic development of tourism in the region. The author comes to the conclusion that raising the level of social and economic development of the region on the basis of tourism requires assessment of tourism impact on regional development, shaping new economically efficient organizational forms and models of management in the field of recreation and tourism.

Budget revenues of public-legal institutions form the financial base providing bodies of state power and local selfgovernance with cash necessary to perform their authorities on organizing overall development of economic and social spheres of territories. The article studies conditions of shaping budget revenue of municipal bodies and analyzes difficulties of municipal budget filling in view of national legislation. Problems in municipal administration work are shown, which are envisaged by the absence of stimuli to effective and efficient functioning of municipal clerks. Practices of participation (people’s) budgeting are described and the impact of this tool on budget revenue shaping is estimated. The article demonstrates possibilities of concession agreements and contracts of state-private partnership, which can decrease the burden on the municipal budget connected with projects dealing with repair and reconstruction of property. On the basis of materials studied by methods of comparative analysis, structural and dynamic analysis of local budget revenues, critical analysis, method of searching for new scientific categories and concepts, logical and deductive methods recommendations were worked out on issues of regulating the missing revenues (tax expenses) and introduction of digital technologies of tax administration.

The article studies such issues as strateging of sustainable development of regions, developing the system of information support of strategic development of the region, risks connected with sanctions imposed by Western countries. These subjects were analyzed with the help of literature sources and further lines of research were proposed. The system of information support of strategic development of regions includes strategic goals and figures of development, which require correction in conditions of growing pressure on behalf of Western countries, as well as political and economic restriction of external environment. The authors came to the conclusion about the necessity to correct the system of indicators of the region strategic development by social and economic expediency, managerial supervision and possibility of monitoring. During designing, realizing and monitoring of strategy of region development it is necessary to take into account the impact not only of conventional restrictions coming from the external environment but also specific restrictions in conditions of sanctions imposed by Western countries. Such restrictions during the last decade turned into a trend, which affects life of territories with uncertain status, unrecognized and questionable territories and tend to be used as tools of political pressure or economic wars.

The author tries to investigate the role of ferrous metallurgy in the regional development. From 2012 to 2019 steelmaking works of the Vologda region (‘Severstal’), Chelyabinsk region (‘MMK’) and Lipetsk region (‘NLMK’) increased the volume of steel production by 12.1, 1.8 and 5.3%, respectively. These enterprises play a dominant role in shaping profit tax in these regions, especially ‘NLMK’, whose average specific weigh of the profit tax in its total amount in the Lipetsk region made up 57.9%. Analysis of steel-making works’ settlements with the budget system of the Russian Federation showed a growth in tax receipts both to the budget of the region and to the federal budget. It can be explained by the fact that besides a twofold rise in earnings is a serious amount of profit before taxation obtained by the company within the period from 2016 to 2019. These steel-making works provide jobs for more than 100,000 people. All these companies are socially responsible, which includes such goals as health protection and creation of comfortable conditions for workers, safeguarding ecological situation in the region and resource-saving, participation in social projects, such as construction of sport facilities, financing of cultural and educational events. Key findings of the research could be useful for decision-makers in the field of effective interaction of big business and bodies of power.

Nowadays many democratic states face the acute problem of even and sustainable regional development. The article studies different trends of organizational changes in the development of local self-governance in connection with social and economic changes. It is found out that the key hindrances for effective development of local selfgovernance are the standard of living of the population, the resource potential, investment appeal, the scale of local self-governance authority, the level of municipal facility infrastructure and low use of informational and advanced technologies in municipal services being rendered. In this aspect we focus on the issue of upgrading the system of strategic management of municipal structures’ development, which could provide an opportunity of identifying their promising directions and with the help of advanced information technologies reach a new level of development. The authors by analyzing academic data, key parameters of development and legislative and organizational principles of local self-governance in the Republic of Armenia prepared recommendations aimed at modernizing the system of municipal structures’ management, which would allow us to build an efficient, flexible and economical system of local self-governance. Findings of the research could be used both in the system of state and municipal governance and in academic research in the field of local self-governance development.

The article investigates issues connected with the necessity to conduct internal finance control of university functioning. The author tried to show the procedure of finance control in the system of higher education in Russia and ground its need both on the state (municipal) and on the inner -institutional level. The article describes the procedure of university finance control as a tool of raising the e fficiency in using resources. Theoretical base of the article is made by academic works dealing with the theory and methodology of finance control in the Russian Federation, as well as materials of research organizations, high education institutions, perio dicals. As a methodological foundation of the research the author used such methods as grouping, analysis, classification and synthesis. A conceptual approach to conducting internal finance control in university was advanced, which implies control by shaping business-processes with a possibility of graphic presentation of finance control cards in different notations. Finding of the research are useful both for university top management and for certain categories of university managerial workers, who deal with decision-making concerning strategy of university development with due regard to possible risks within the frames of limited finance resources.

The article reviews the objectives connected with present day university functioning within the frames of the UN global agenda, i.e. to ensure sustainable development. The academic community is interested mainly in finding the answer to the question about new approaches to conducting education, research and administrative functions of the university. University is considered as an influential institution, which promotes innovation and train future specialists to make responsible decisions. Values and goals of sustainable development affect universities, thus the aim of the article is to show in what way university can pursue ideology of system changes through realization of its education mission. The UN initiative ‘Responsible Managerial Education’ (RME) is seen as an approach to promoting sustainable development in universities and to designing new education programs. It is pointed out that by realizing principles of responsible managerial education in master course universities can develop practices contributing to goal attainment in the field of sustainable development. As a driver for RME realization the Englishlanguage master course program ‘Sustainable Management' was advanced, which relies on orientation to goals of sustainable development and principles of responsible managerial education. The authors put forward a concept of the program for Russian universities that includes methodological approaches to its construction, rough curriculum and expected outcomes. It is shown that system efforts aimed at attaining goals of sustainable management through responsible managerial education shall be continued by using the proposed solutions and searching for new ones. The authors identify spheres of university functioning that require serious reforms. Conclusions are drawn about new discourses in the field higher education connected with comprehending the involvement of universities in initiatives of sustainable development.

Price is the most important tool of company behavior on market, whose changes are caught immediately by customers, competitors and state structures. Adequate pricing can bring profit to the company and raise its competitiveness and stability on market. Unfortunately, rather often price decisions of home exporters working on non-raw material markets are only a response to competitors’ steps and they aim at reaching tactical, momentary but not strategic goals. Companies usually try to use the same price strategies on foreign markets as they use on national market. In conditions of the global crisis, uneven introduction of isolation regime and border closing by countries, breaking supply chains, bankruptcy or closure of national companies Russian exporters face the loss of distribution channels developed earlier. On the other hand, in these conditions they get an opportunity not only to settle on developed markets nut to penetrate new overseas markets in such segments, where the work of local companies was cut or shut down. In any case home exporters should think over their price strategy on foreign market and research changes in customer preferences, in their perception of company product value. The author gives recommendations aimed at improving exporters’ pricing in conditions of 2020 crisis on the basis of analyzing customers in view of their contribution to the company profit.

Information technologies (IT) play a key role in corporate infrastructure. They provide unprecedented economic development of enterprises in our era. IT systems help economize resources and give an opportunity to peep in the essence of corporate transactions. Finance service market develops energetically due to digital economy shaping. Digital technologies have penetrated all spheres of life and the level of innovation technology equipment keeps on growing at the expense of mobile technologies. The system of in-company finance control is included n the structure of management functioning as an obligatory element of the current mechanism of management. The development of programs of in-bank control is a necessary component of work of any finance and credit organization according to international and national legislation. The article describes the structure of unique in-bank mechanism of control, oriented to preventing legalization of criminal incomes and raining personnel for services of internal bank control. The article analyzes in-bank programs aimed at its organization and grounds functional responsibilities of employees in divisions of internal control integrated in the system of monitoring and managing bank risks. The role of questionnaires differentiated by clients’ types is assessed, with the help of which the bank can identify its clients. Programs of training employees of internal control divisions are structured.

The article studies criteria of managing the quality of kissels for professional nutrition: organoleptic factors, structure and properties of dehydrated packed half-finished products for making functional drinks and desserts (kissels with various taste-aromatic features). Taking into account the problem of healthy nutrition, including production of vitaminous food the authors underline the importance of functional properties, which are stipulated by inclusion of vitamin preparations or composites that are resistant to thermal treatment. The authors studied certain indicators of quality – sensory and rheological ones as the most sensitive to technological factors. After analyzing theoretical aspects of managing the quality of products and experimental data recommendations were prepared for using the product in nutrition of social contingents, workers of enterprises with harmful working conditions, lecturers and students of higher education institutions. The methods can be applied in technological monitoring of quality of catering products. Desserts and vitaminous (functional) drinks can be sold in a traditional way or by vending machines.